A nurse is assisting in the development of a community education course about the physical complications related to substance use disorder. Which of the following complications should the nurse include in the discussion about heroin use?
Dental caries
Perforation of nasal septum
Permanent effects on short-term memory loss
Pancreatitis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dental caries is not a specific complication commonly associated with heroin use. Dental issues may result from other substances or lifestyle factors.
B. Perforation of the nasal septum is a complication associated with the intranasal use of heroin. Chronic snorting or sniffing of heroin can damage the nasal septum, leading to a perforation.
C. Permanent effects on short-term memory loss are more commonly associated with the use of substances like cannabis or certain hallucinogens. Heroin use is not typically linked to permanent effects on short-term memory.
D. Pancreatitis is not a commonly reported complication of heroin use. Pancreatitis is more commonly associated with alcohol use disorder and gallstone-related issues.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Using opioids to treat hallucinations is not a common reason, as opioids are not typically prescribed for this purpose. Hallucinations might be indicative of another underlying mental health condition that needs assessment and appropriate treatment.
B. Witnessing parents using drugs or alcohol to cope is a risk factor for substance use disorders, but it does not directly explain the client's initiation of opioid use. There may be other contributing factors, such as pain or anxiety.
C. Using opioids to promote sleep and rest is a possibility, especially if the client has chronic pain or anxiety affecting their sleep. Opioids can have sedative effects, which might be appealing to individuals experiencing sleep difficulties. However, treating pain and anxiety is often a primary reason for opioid use in such cases.
D. To treat pain and ease anxiety.
Chronic back pain due to a gymnastics injury and anxiety are identified as pre-existing conditions. The client may have started using opioids to manage chronic pain and potentially as a way to cope with anxiety. Opioids are often prescribed for pain relief, and individuals may misuse them to self-medicate emotional distress.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I know you can read it yourself, but will you?" This response may escalate the situation and may not effectively address the inappropriate tone. It also has the potential to be perceived as confrontational.
B. "We do this every day. Why are you so angry with me this morning?" This response is somewhat confrontational and may not be as effective in setting clear boundaries. It also focuses on the client's emotion without directly addressing the inappropriate tone.
C. “I expect you to speak to me in a civil tone of voice."
Option C sets clear boundaries and communicates the expectation of respectful communication. Addressing the inappropriate tone of voice is important in working with individuals with borderline personality disorder. It reinforces the importance of maintaining a therapeutic and respectful interaction.
D. "Fine. Here is the schedule. I expect you to be on time for your therapy sessions." While this response provides the information, it doesn't address the issue of the client's disrespectful tone. It's important to address the inappropriate behavior while still providing necessary information.
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