A nurse is assessing the health literacy of an older adult client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Ask the client how she feels about her understanding of diabetes.

Ask the client how often she reads food labels.

Ask the client to explain what she read from a brief handout about diabetes management.

Ask the client when she last had her HbA1c checked.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Asking the client how she feels about her understanding of diabetes can provide some insight into her confidence and perceived knowledge. However, it does not objectively measure her actual understanding or ability to apply diabetes management information.

B) Asking the client how often she reads food labels assesses a specific behavior related to diabetes management but does not fully evaluate the client's overall health literacy. The frequency of reading food labels may indicate some level of engagement, but it does not necessarily reflect comprehensive understanding or effective diabetes self-management.

C) Requesting the client to explain what she read from a brief handout about diabetes management provides a direct assessment of her comprehension and retention of diabetes management information. This approach effectively measures her ability to understand and apply critical health information, which is a core component of health literacy.

D) Inquiring about the timing of her last HbA1c test assesses adherence to diabetes monitoring but does not gauge the client's understanding of diabetes management. While important, this question does not provide a clear picture of her health literacy or ability to manage her condition effectively.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Ibuprofen: While ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief and inflammation, it is not the best choice for a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease. NSAIDs can exacerbate gastrointestinal issues and increase the risk of ulcer complications.

B) Tramadol: Tramadol is a moderate pain reliever that is not an NSAID and does not have the gastrointestinal side effects associated with NSAIDs. It is a suitable choice for short-term pain management in clients with a history of peptic ulcer disease, as it does not increase the risk of ulcer complications.

C) Ketorolac: Ketorolac is a potent NSAID used for short-term pain management. It is not recommended for clients with a history of peptic ulcer disease due to its high risk of causing gastrointestinal bleeding and exacerbating ulcer conditions.

D) Aspirin: Aspirin is an NSAID and has a high potential to irritate the gastrointestinal tract, which can worsen peptic ulcer disease and lead to complications such as bleeding. It is generally avoided in clients with a history of peptic ulcers.

A. Initiate frequent, short periods of exercise throughout the day. B. Decrease the amount of range of motion performed if tightness occurs. C. Perform range-of-motion exercises to the affected side once per day. D. Avoid repetitive movements during exercise.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Initiate frequent, short periods of exercise throughout the day: Frequent, short periods of exercise are beneficial for a client with left-sided hemiplegia. Regular movement helps maintain joint flexibility, muscle strength, and overall functional ability. This approach can prevent complications such as contractures and muscle atrophy.

B) Decrease the amount of range of motion performed if tightness occurs: If tightness occurs, rather than decreasing range of motion, it is important to address it through appropriate stretching and adjustments in exercise technique. Reducing range of motion could lead to further loss of mobility and function.

C) Perform range-of-motion exercises to the affected side once per day: Performing range-of-motion exercises only once per day is generally insufficient. To maintain or improve mobility and prevent contractures, range-of-motion exercises should be performed multiple times throughout the day, as directed by the care plan.

D) Avoid repetitive movements during exercise: Repetitive movements are not necessarily harmful and can be beneficial for improving motor function and muscle coordination. However, it is important to balance repetitive exercises with variety and adjust based on the client’s condition and tolerance.

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A nurse is assessing the health literacy of an older adult client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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