A nurse is assessing the health literacy of an older adult client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Ask the client how she feels about her understanding of diabetes.

Ask the client how often she reads food labels.

Ask the client to explain what she read from a brief handout about diabetes management.

Ask the client when she last had her HbA1c checked.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Asking the client how she feels about her understanding of diabetes can provide some insight into her confidence and perceived knowledge. However, it does not objectively measure her actual understanding or ability to apply diabetes management information.

B) Asking the client how often she reads food labels assesses a specific behavior related to diabetes management but does not fully evaluate the client's overall health literacy. The frequency of reading food labels may indicate some level of engagement, but it does not necessarily reflect comprehensive understanding or effective diabetes self-management.

C) Requesting the client to explain what she read from a brief handout about diabetes management provides a direct assessment of her comprehension and retention of diabetes management information. This approach effectively measures her ability to understand and apply critical health information, which is a core component of health literacy.

D) Inquiring about the timing of her last HbA1c test assesses adherence to diabetes monitoring but does not gauge the client's understanding of diabetes management. While important, this question does not provide a clear picture of her health literacy or ability to manage her condition effectively.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Talk about the special features of the baby with the client: This intervention acknowledges the baby as a real person and can provide comfort to the grieving parents by validating their loss and giving them a chance to create memories, which is an important aspect of the grieving process.

B) Post a sign indicating No Visitors: This may not be appropriate as it might isolate the client further. Some parents may want the support of family and friends during this difficult time, and such a restriction should be based on the parents' wishes rather than a standard protocol.

C) Limit the amount of time the client is allowed to have the baby in her room: Allowing parents to spend as much time as they need with their baby can help them with the grieving process. Placing limits might be perceived as insensitive and could hinder the emotional healing process.

D) Tell the parents they should hold their baby: While many parents find comfort in holding their stillborn baby, it should be offered as a choice rather than a directive. It is important to respect the parents' individual coping mechanisms and provide support based on their preferences.

A. Restrict fluids to decrease lower extremity swelling. B. Limit exercise to 10 min twice a day. C. Use ice packs to decrease leg pain. D. Sit with legs dependent when having pain.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Restrict fluids to decrease lower extremity swelling: Restricting fluids is generally not recommended for managing peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Fluid restriction may not address the underlying vascular issues causing swelling and might lead to dehydration. The focus should be on improving circulation and managing PAD symptoms.

B) Limit exercise to 10 min twice a day: Exercise is a critical component of managing PAD, and limiting it to only 10 minutes twice a day may not provide sufficient benefit. Patients with PAD are often encouraged to engage in regular, supervised exercise programs to improve circulation and reduce symptoms.

C) Use ice packs to decrease leg pain: Using ice packs is not advisable for PAD. Cold can constrict blood vessels and potentially worsen symptoms. Warmth or gentle heat may be more beneficial for improving circulation and relieving pain.

D) Sit with legs dependent when having pain: Sitting with the legs dependent (hanging down) can help alleviate pain associated with PAD. This position helps increase blood flow to the lower extremities and can reduce pain caused by intermittent claudication, a common symptom of PAD.

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A nurse is assessing the health literacy of an older adult client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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