A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS and is experiencing wasting syndrome. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent malnutrition?

Suggest the client avoid snacking during the day.

Encourage the client to rest before eating meals.

Instruct the client to consume 1 L of fluid daily.

Tell the client to increase the saturated fat content of each meal.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) "Suggest the client avoid snacking during the day.": Snacking can help maintain caloric intake and prevent malnutrition. It is generally beneficial for clients with wasting syndrome to have frequent, small meals and snacks throughout the day to increase overall caloric and nutrient intake.

B) "Encourage the client to rest before eating meals.": Resting before meals can help conserve energy, making it easier for clients with wasting syndrome to eat larger portions and improve their nutritional intake. Fatigue can significantly reduce appetite and meal consumption, so conserving energy for eating is a practical strategy.

C) "Instruct the client to consume 1 L of fluid daily.": Proper hydration is important, but 1 liter may be insufficient for overall hydration needs. Clients with AIDS and wasting syndrome should be encouraged to maintain adequate fluid intake to support overall health and aid in digestion, which typically requires more than 1 liter per day.

D) "Tell the client to increase the saturated fat content of each meal.": Increasing saturated fat content is not advisable as it can lead to other health complications such as cardiovascular disease. Instead, a balanced diet with healthy fats, proteins, and carbohydrates is more appropriate to address malnutrition in clients with wasting syndrome.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Fever: Myxedema coma is characterized by hypothermia rather than fever. The client with myxedema coma may experience a lowered body temperature, reflecting the severe hypothyroidism associated with this condition.

B) Hypernatremia: Hypernatremia, or elevated sodium levels, is a common finding in myxedema coma. This occurs due to impaired renal function and decreased aldosterone levels, leading to an imbalance in electrolytes, including sodium.

C) Hypertension: Typically, myxedema coma presents with hypotension rather than hypertension. The condition is associated with decreased cardiac output and low blood pressure, not elevated blood pressure.

D) Hypoglycemia: In myxedema coma, hypoglycemia is not typically expected. Instead, patients may experience hypoglycemia due to reduced metabolic rate and decreased glycogen stores. However, hyperglycemia is more commonly observed in other endocrine disorders, not specifically in myxedema coma.

A. "Sit with your legs in a dependent position when in a chair." B. "Prevent dehydration by drinking at least 2.5 liters fluids each day." C. "Massage your calves after sitting for 2 hours." D. "Roll stretchy nylon stockings down to the upper part of your calves."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) "Sit with your legs in a dependent position when in a chair."
Sitting with legs in a dependent position can decrease blood flow and increase the risk of clot formation. It's important to elevate the legs when sitting to promote venous return and reduce the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT).

B) "Prevent dehydration by drinking at least 2.5 liters fluids each day."
Staying well-hydrated helps maintain good blood circulation and prevents blood from becoming too viscous, reducing the risk of clot formation. Adequate fluid intake is crucial in preventing DVT.

C) "Massage your calves after sitting for 2 hours."
Massaging the calves is not recommended for someone with a history of DVT, as it may dislodge a clot. Instead, clients should be encouraged to move or stretch their legs regularly to improve circulation.

D) "Roll stretchy nylon stockings down to the upper part of your calves."
Proper use of compression stockings involves wearing them as prescribed, which typically means keeping them fully extended to ensure consistent pressure along the leg. Rolling them down can create a tourniquet effect and is not recommended.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS and is experiencing wasting syndrome. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent malnutrition?

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