A nurse is assessing clients for skin integrity. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for developing skin breakdown?

A client who has occasional urinary incontinence

A client who has inadequate nutrition

A client who has moderate Alzheimer's disease

A client who is paraplegic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Paraplegia significantly increases the risk of skin breakdown due to immobility, lack of sensation, and prolonged pressure on specific areas of the body. These clients require meticulous skin care and frequent repositioning to prevent pressure injuries.

A While urinary incontinence can contribute to skin breakdown, especially if not managed properly, it may not pose as great a risk compared to other factors like poor nutrition or immobility.

B. Poor nutrition compromises skin integrity by reducing the skin's ability to repair and maintain itself, making it more susceptible to breakdown. This factor significantly increases the risk of developing pressure ulcers and other skin lesions.

C. Clients with Alzheimer's disease may have increased risk due to various factors such as mobility issues, impaired sensation, and difficulty with self-care. However, the degree of risk can vary depending on the stage of the disease and individual circumstances.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. This statement highlights difficulty with a specific ADL (grooming) that OT can assess and intervene to improve independence and quality of life.

A Difficulty swallowing, preference for a wheelchair over a walker, and problems with bladder control may also require medical attention, but they are not directly related to the occupational therapy's primary focus on improving the patient's ability to perform daily activities

B. This statement suggests mobility issues and possibly difficulty with walking due to muscle weakness. While mobility aids such as wheelchairs and walkers are typically addressed by physical therapists, OT can also be involved in evaluating the client's preferences, abilities, and functional mobility needs.

D. While OT primarily focuses on ADLs and functional tasks, bladder control problems typically require evaluation and management by a urologist or specialist in urology.

A. Repair of a torn rotator cuff<br> B. Tympanoplasty C. Internal fixation of a fractured hip D. Thyroidectomy

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. This procedure involves manipulation of bones and potential disruption of fatty tissue, which can lead to the release of fat emboli into the bloodstream, predisposing the client to fat embolism syndrome.

A This procedure involves surgical repair of the tendons in the shoulder. It does not typically involve manipulation of long bones or significant exposure to fatty tissue.

B. Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a perforated eardrum. It does not involve manipulation of bones or exposure to fatty tissue.

D. Thyroidectomy is the surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland. It does not involve manipulation of long bones or exposure to fatty tissue.

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A nurse is assessing clients for skin integrity. Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for developing skin breakdown?

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