A nurse is preparing to administer intramuscular epinephrine to a client who is experiencing anaphylaxis. Which of the following sites should the nurse use?

B. Slowing the infusion rate of 0.9% sodium chloride and contacting the provider are appropriate initial actions to manage the client's dyspnea and hypertension, which are likely due to fluid overload from the IV infusion.

A Corticosteroids are not typically indicated for dyspnea and hypertension related to IV fluid administration with 0.9% sodium chloride.

C Changing the type of IV fluid to lactated Ringer's solution may be considered in some cases to address fluid balance issues. However, this decision should be made in consultation with the healthcare provider based on the client's specific clinical condition and fluid status.

D. Lowering the head of the bed to semi-Fowler's position can help improve respiratory function and reduce dyspnea. However, this action alone does not address the underlying cause of the client's symptoms.

B. Changes in the fluid level of the water-seal chamber correspond to the client's breathing pattern. During inhalation, the negative pressure in the chest cavity may cause the fluid level to rise slightly as air is drawn into the tube, and during exhalation, the fluid level may fall as air exits through the chest tube.

A Fluctuations in the fluid level can occur due to changes in suction pressure settings, but this is more relevant to the suction control chamber rather than the water-seal chamber.

C. If there is continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber, it indicates an air leak, which disrupts the normal function of the water-seal mechanism.

D. The water-seal chamber's fluctuation does not directly indicate lung re-expansion. Lung re-expansion is assessed through clinical examination, chest X-ray, or other diagnostic tests rather than the water-seal chamber.