A nurse is assessing an older adult patient who is experiencing age-related changes.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Increased joint stiffness
Increased muscle mass
Increased calcification of bones
Decreased balance
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Increased joint stiffness is a common age-related change in older adults.
Choice B rationale
Increased muscle mass is not typically an age-related change. In fact, older adults often experience a decrease in muscle mass, a condition known as sarcopenia.
Choice C rationale
Increased calcification of bones is not a typical age-related change. Older adults are more likely to experience osteoporosis, a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density.
Choice D rationale
Decreased balance is a common age-related change, but it is not the correct answer for this question.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increasing fluid intake can help alleviate constipation. Fluids can soften stool, making it easier to pass.
Choice B rationale
A low-fiber diet can actually contribute to constipation. Fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it move more quickly through the intestines.
Choice C rationale
While mineral oil can sometimes be used to relieve constipation, it is not typically the first intervention chosen. It can interfere with the absorption of certain nutrients and medications.
Choice D rationale
Cold fluids do not have a significant effect on constipation. While staying hydrated is important, the temperature of the fluids is not typically a factor in constipation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This statement is not accurate. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is characterized by periods of new symptoms or relapses that develop over days or weeks and usually improve partially or completely. These episodes are followed by periods of remission, where the disease does not progress. Therefore, RRMS does not cause a steady and gradual decline in function.
Choice B rationale
This is the correct answer. Stress and extreme fatigue can trigger a relapse in RRMS1. Therefore, it is important for patients to avoid these triggers to manage their symptoms effectively.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. RRMS is the most common disease course at the time of diagnosis. It is not the least common type of multiple sclerosis.
Choice D rationale
This statement is not accurate. Medications for RRMS, known as disease-modifying treatments (DMT), are designed to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses. They are not intended to be taken only during times of relapse, but rather on an ongoing basis to manage the disease.
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