A nurse is assessing a toddler who has suspected lead poisoning. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect the client to manifest with acute lead poisoning?
Increased urinary output
Anorexia
Jaundice
Diarrhea
The Correct Answer is B
A. Increased urinary output: Acute lead poisoning typically does not lead to increased urinary output. Instead, lead toxicity can affect renal function, potentially leading to kidney damage and decreased urinary output or even renal failure in severe cases.
B. Anorexia: Acute lead poisoning can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which can result in decreased appetite or anorexia. Lead poisoning affects multiple organ systems, including the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain and gastrointestinal upset. Anorexia is a common manifestation in individuals, including toddlers, with acute lead poisoning due to these gastrointestinal symptoms.
C. Jaundice: Jaundice is not a typical finding in acute lead poisoning. Jaundice typically occurs when there is an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood, which can be caused by liver dysfunction or obstruction of the bile ducts. Lead poisoning primarily affects the central nervous system, hematopoietic system, and gastrointestinal system rather than the liver.
D. Diarrhea: While gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting can occur in acute lead poisoning, diarrhea is not a characteristic symptom. Lead poisoning can cause constipation rather than diarrhea due to its effects on the gastrointestinal tract, such as slowing peristalsis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Identify cues in the client's behavior that might have warned them that he was contemplating suicide: While identifying cues in the client's behavior is important for understanding potential risk factors and improving suicide prevention measures in the future, it is not the priority intervention immediately following a client's suicide. Staff members may need support and debriefing to process the emotional impact of the event before effectively analyzing cues and implementing changes.
B. Provide professional counseling for staff members: Following a client's suicide, the priority intervention is to ensure the well-being of the staff members who may be experiencing emotional distress, guilt, or trauma as a result of the incident. Professional counseling provides an opportunity for staff to process their feelings, receive support, and develop coping strategies to manage the emotional impact of the event.
C. Change policies for staff observation of clients who are suicidal: While reviewing and updating policies for staff observation of suicidal clients is important for improving safety measures, it is not the immediate priority following a client's suicide. Policy changes should be informed by a thorough review of the incident, including staff debriefing, analysis of contributing factors, and consultation with mental health professionals.
D. Give the family an opportunity to talk about their feelings: While providing support to the client's family is important, especially in the aftermath of a suicide, it is not the priority intervention for staff immediately following the incident. Staff members need to address their own emotional needs and well-being first before they can effectively support the client's family.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Place the infant in an infant seat for 2 hours following the procedure. There is no specific need to place the infant in an infant seat for 2 hours following a lumbar puncture. After the procedure, the infant should be positioned comfortably and safely, but there is no requirement for a specific duration in an infant seat.
B. Hold the infant's chin to his chest and knees to his abdomen during the procedure. This positioning is not appropriate for a lumbar puncture. The correct positioning for a lumbar puncture involves having the infant in a lateral recumbent (side-lying) position with knees flexed up toward the chest, allowing the spine to be flexed and creating space between the vertebrae for the needle insertion.
C. Keep the infant NPO for 6 hours prior to the procedure. Keeping the infant NPO (nothing by mouth) for 6 hours prior to the procedure is not necessary for a lumbar puncture. Infants can continue breastfeeding or formula feeding as usual before the procedure. However, if sedation or anesthesia is planned for the procedure, specific fasting guidelines may apply depending on institutional protocols and the infant's age and health status.
D. Apply a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically 15 minutes prior to the procedure. This is the correct choice. Applying a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically before the procedure helps to numb the skin and reduce pain at the site of the lumbar puncture. It is a standard practice to minimize discomfort for the infant during the procedure.
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