A nurse is assessing a patient with a specific phobia. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a specific phobia?
"I am afraid of being judged by others when I speak in public.".
"I am afraid of being in places where I can't escape easily.".
"I am afraid of spiders and get extremely anxious when I see one.".
"I am afraid of flying and get panic attacks when I have to travel by plane.".
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
This choice describes social anxiety disorder, where the individual fears being judged negatively by others in social situations. It doesn't reflect a specific phobia, which involves a marked and persistent fear of a specific object or situation.
Choice B rationale:
This statement indicates agoraphobia, which is the fear of being in places where escape might be difficult or help unavailable. It doesn't align with the criteria for a specific phobia, where the fear is directed at a specific object or situation.
Choice C rationale:
The correct answer. This choice represents a specific phobia. The fear of spiders is a classic example of a specific phobia, and the extreme anxiety triggered by the sight of a spider indicates an irrational and disproportionate fear response, which is characteristic of this condition.
Choice D rationale:
This statement describes aviophobia, the fear of flying. While it is a phobia, it doesn't cover the full spectrum of specific phobias, which can involve a wide range of objects or situations beyond just flying.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Antipsychotics are not commonly prescribed to manage anxiety and fear associated with phobias. Antipsychotics are primarily used to treat psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, and are not the first-line treatment for anxiety-related disorders.
Choice B rationale:
Antihistamines are not commonly prescribed for managing anxiety and fear associated with phobias. While some sedating antihistamines might have a calming effect, they are not the primary choice for treating anxiety. Antihistamines are more commonly used for allergies and sleep disturbances.
Choice C rationale:
Anticonvulsants are not typically prescribed for managing anxiety and fear associated with phobias. Anticonvulsants are used to treat conditions such as epilepsy and mood disorders like bipolar disorder, but they are not the first-line treatment for specific phobias.
Choice D rationale:
Antidepressants are commonly prescribed to manage anxiety and fear associated with phobias. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are commonly used antidepressants that can effectively reduce the symptoms of anxiety and phobias by influencing neurotransmitter levels in the brain. These medications help regulate mood and reduce excessive anxiety associated with phobias.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Psychoeducation involves providing information about psychological conditions, symptoms, and treatment options to clients. However, it is not specifically aimed at helping clients identify and challenge irrational thoughts and beliefs associated with their phobias.
Choice B rationale:
Cognitive therapy aims to help clients identify and challenge irrational thoughts and beliefs associated with their phobias. By addressing cognitive distortions and negative thought patterns, individuals can learn to reframe their thinking, reduce anxiety, and manage their phobias more effectively.
Choice C rationale:
Behavioral therapy focuses on modifying behavior through techniques such as exposure therapy and desensitization. While behavioral therapy is often used in phobia treatment, it doesn't primarily target irrational thoughts and beliefs as cognitive therapy does.
Choice D rationale:
Relaxation therapy teaches individuals relaxation techniques to manage stress and anxiety. While relaxation techniques can be beneficial as a complementary approach, they are not specifically focused on addressing irrational thoughts associated with phobias.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
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