A nurse is assessing a client who exhibits marked fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger. The nurse observes that the fear or anxiety causes clinically significant distress and impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. Based on this information, the nurse suspects that the client is experiencing:
Specific Phobia.
Social Phobia.
Agoraphobia.
Panic Disorder.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Specific Phobia. This is the correct answer. The client's symptoms of marked fear and anxiety about a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger, along with resulting distress and impairment, are characteristic of a specific phobia. Specific phobias involve intense fear and avoidance behavior triggered by specific objects or situations, like heights, animals, or certain environments.
Choice B rationale:
Social Phobia. The client's symptoms do not align with social phobia, which centers around fears of social judgment and performance situations, not specific objects or situations.
Choice C rationale:
Agoraphobia. Agoraphobia involves fear of situations where escape may be difficult or embarrassing, such as crowded places. The client's fear does not seem related to this type of avoidance.
Choice D rationale:
Panic Disorder. While panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks, it does not necessarily involve avoidance of specific objects or situations as the primary response. The client's avoidance behavior is more indicative of a specific phobia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This choice inaccurately describes specific phobias, not social phobia. Specific phobias are centered around specific triggers, while social phobia involves a fear of being negatively evaluated in social or performance situations.
Choice B rationale:
Social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder, is indeed characterized by a fear of being judged, criticized, or embarrassed in social or performance situations. This fear often leads individuals to avoid social interactions or endure them with significant distress.
Choice C rationale:
This choice relates to agoraphobia, not social phobia. Agoraphobia involves the fear of being in situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing, such as crowded places or public transportation.
Choice D rationale:
This choice inaccurately characterizes specific phobias, not social phobia. Specific phobias are focused on particular triggers and are not related to a fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that poses little or no actual danger.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Psychoeducation (Choice A) involves providing the client with information about their condition, treatment options, and coping strategies. It can help the client understand their phobia better and empower them to take an active role in managing their fear.
Choice B rationale:
Cognitive therapy (Choice B) focuses on identifying and challenging irrational thoughts and beliefs related to the phobia. By changing thought patterns, clients can learn to respond to their phobic triggers in a more rational and less anxiety-provoking manner.
Choice C rationale:
Behavioral therapy (Choice C), including exposure therapy, is a cornerstone of phobia treatment. It involves gradually exposing the client to the feared stimulus in a controlled manner, helping them learn that their anxiety decreases over time.
Choice D rationale:
Relaxation therapy (Choice D) teaches clients relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and meditation. These techniques can help reduce overall anxiety levels and provide a sense of control in anxiety-provoking situations.
Choice E rationale:
All of the above (Choice E) is the correct answer because each of the listed non-pharmacological therapies (psychoeducation, cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, relaxation therapy) plays a valuable role in helping clients cope with their phobias. They can be used in combination to provide comprehensive support for the client's needs.
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