A nurse is assessing a newborn who was born 2 hr ago and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with chest wall retractions and blue discoloration of the hands and feet. Which of the following findings indicates a decline in the newborn's status?
Apneic episode less than 15 seconds
Fine crackles
Oxygen saturation of 89%
Nasal flaring
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. An apneic episode less than 15 seconds may be considered within normal limits for a newborn and does not necessarily indicate a decline in status.
B. Fine crackles may indicate fluid in the lungs but are not specific to a decline in the newborn's status.
C. An oxygen saturation of 89% indicates hypoxemia, which is a significant concern and suggests respiratory compromise. It indicates a decline in the newborn's status and requires immediate intervention to improve oxygenation.
D. Nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress but may not be as concerning as a low oxygen saturation level in this context. It indicates increased work of breathing but does not provide direct information about oxygenation status.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Vacuum-assisted delivery increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage due to potential trauma to the birth canal and uterus.
B. A history of human papillomavirus is not directly associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
C. A history of uterine atony (inability of the uterus to contract effectively after delivery) is a significant risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.
D. Labor induction with oxytocin can lead to uterine hyperstimulation or tetanic contractions, which may contribute to uterine atony and postpartum hemorrhage.
E. Newborn weight is not a risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Positioning the car seat at a 45-degree angle helps to ensure that the baby's airway remains open and reduces the risk of slumping, which can lead to suffocation. This positioning is essential for newborns who may have limited head and neck control.
B. A car seat challenge test is typically performed for preterm infants or those with specific health concerns, not for all newborns. Newborns delivered at 38 weeks generally do not require this test unless there are other complications.
C. Car seat safety guidelines recommend that infants remain in a rear-facing position until at least 2 years of age, not just until they turn 1 year old. This statement does not demonstrate an understanding of current safety recommendations.
D. While sleep sacks can help keep a baby warm, they should not be used in a way that compromises the harness system of the car seat. It’s crucial to ensure that the baby is snugly secured in the car seat without any additional bulky clothing or blankets that could interfere with the safety harness.
In summary, the correct understanding is that the car seat should be positioned at a 45-degree angle for optimal safety.
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