A nurse is assessing a newborn who is 48 hours old and has a maternal history of methadone use during pregnancy. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of neonatal abstinence syndrome?
Hyporeactivity.
Excessive high-pitched cry.
Acrocyanosis.
Respiratory rate of 50/min.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Hyporeactivity is not typically associated with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) NAS is characterized by increased irritability and signs of withdrawal, which are opposite to a hypo- reactive state.
Choice B rationale:
An excessive high-pitched cry is a hallmark sign of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Babies exposed to drugs like methadone during pregnancy can experience withdrawal symptoms, including a distinct high-pitched cry.
Choice C rationale:
Acrocyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the extremities, is a common finding in newborns and is not specific to NAS. It is caused by immature peripheral circulation and usually resolves on its own.
Choice D rationale:
A respiratory rate of 50/min is within the normal range for a newborn and is not a sign of neonatal abstinence syndrome. NAS symptoms are related to drug withdrawal and not respiratory issues.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Preparing for an amnioinfusion is not the first-line action. It may be considered if decelerations do not resolve with initial measures such as maternal repositioning.
Choice B reason:
Administering oxygen is a subsequent measure if initial interventions like repositioning do not improve the FHR. Oxygen is typically given at 8-10 L/min via a nonrebreather mask to increase fetal oxygenation.
Choice C reason:
Discontinuing oxytocin is important if the cause of decelerations is uterine hyperstimulation. However, repositioning the client should precede this action to quickly address potential umbilical cord compression.
Choice D reason:
This is the first action to take because it can quickly alleviate potential compression of the umbilical cord, which is often the cause of variable decelerations. It may be considered if decelerations do not resolve with initial measures such as maternal repositioning.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Tamoxifen is not used to treat Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen
receptor modulator (SERM) and is primarily used in breast cancer treatment. It functions by
binding to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen's effects, and inhibiting the growth of
hormone-sensitive breast cancer cells.
Choice B rationale:
Tamoxifen is not used to treat endometriosis. Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue
similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, and it is typically managed with
hormonal therapies, pain medications, or surgical interventions, but not tamoxifen.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct choice. Tamoxifen is widely used in the treatment of breast cancer,
especially in cases of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. It helps prevent cancer
recurrence and is often prescribed for both early-stage and advanced breast cancer patients.
Choice D rationale:
Tamoxifen is not used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a hormonal
disorder characterized by enlarged ovaries with small cysts, and it is typically managed with
lifestyle changes, hormonal contraceptives, and medications to regulate menstrual cycles and
manage symptoms like hirsutism and acne.
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