A nurse is assessing a newborn who has neonatal abstinence syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Rationale:

A. Raw carrots: While carrots are nutritious, they are not significant sources of vitamin B12, which is typically lacking in a vegan diet.

B. Brown rice: Brown rice is a whole grain and a good source of certain B vitamins like niacin and thiamine, but it does not contain vitamin B12, which is important for those following a vegan diet.

C. Fresh citrus fruits: Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C but do not provide significant amounts of vitamin B12.

D. Fortified soy milk:

Correct answer. Fortified soy milk is often enriched with vitamin B12, making it a suitable choice for individuals following a vegan diet who may struggle to obtain adequate amounts of this vitamin from plant-based sources.

Rationale:

A. An apneic episode less than 15 seconds may be considered within normal limits for a newborn and does not necessarily indicate a decline in status.

B. Fine crackles may indicate fluid in the lungs but are not specific to a decline in the newborn's status.

C. An oxygen saturation of 89% indicates hypoxemia, which is a significant concern and suggests respiratory compromise. It indicates a decline in the newborn's status and requires immediate intervention to improve oxygenation.

D. Nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress but may not be as concerning as a low oxygen saturation level in this context. It indicates increased work of breathing but does not provide direct information about oxygenation status.