A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?

Oliguria.

Nausea.

Headaches.

Weight gain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Osmotic laxatives work by drawing water into the colon to soften the stool and stimulate bowel movements. However, excessive use of osmotic laxatives can cause fluid volume deficit, which is a state of reduced intravascular volume.

One of the signs of fluid volume deficit is oliguria, which means low urine output.

Choice B. Nausea is wrong because nausea is a common side effect of osmotic laxatives, not an indication of fluid volume deficit.

Choice C. Headaches is wrong because headaches are more likely to be caused by dehydration, which is a state of reduced total body water, mostly affecting the intracellular fluid compartment.

Dehydration can result from osmotic laxatives, but it is not the same as fluid volume deficit.

Choice D. Weight gain is wrong because weight gain is not a sign of fluid volume deficit.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

According to the CDC, people with severe, life-threatening allergies to any ingredient in a flu vaccine (other than egg proteins) should not get that vaccine. However, people with egg allergy can get a flu vaccine. The CDC also states that people who have had a severe allergic reaction to a dose of influenza vaccine should not get that flu vaccine again and might not be able to receive other influenza vaccines. Therefore, a nurse should report an egg allergy to the provider as a possible contraindication to receiving the vaccine.

Choice A is wrong because shellfish is not an ingredient in a flu vaccine and is not a contraindication to receiving the vaccine.

Choice C is wrong because milk is not an ingredient in a flu vaccine and is not a contraindication to receiving the vaccine.

Choice D is wrong because peanuts are not an ingredient in a flu vaccine and are not a contraindication to receiving the vaccine.

A. Gastric bleeding. B. Pruritus. C. Cough. D. Tachypnea.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Pruritus is a common adverse effect of morphine administered via continuous epidural infusion. It is caused by the release of histamine from mast cells in the skin. Pruritus can be treated with antihistamines or opioid antagonists. Choice A is wrong because gastric bleeding is not a common adverse effect of morphine administered via continuous epidural infusion.

Gastric bleeding can occur due to peptic ulcer disease, nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or anticoagulants.

Choice C is wrong because cough is not a common adverse effect of morphine administered via continuous epidural infusion.

Cough can be caused by respiratory infections, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Choice D is wrong because tachypnea is not a common adverse effect of morphine administered via continuous epidural infusion.

Tachypnea can be caused by hypoxia, anxiety, pain, or fever. Morphine can cause respiratory depression, which is characterized by bradypnea, not tachypnea.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?