A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?

Oliguria.

Nausea.

Headaches.

Weight gain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Osmotic laxatives work by drawing water into the colon to soften the stool and stimulate bowel movements. However, excessive use of osmotic laxatives can cause fluid volume deficit, which is a state of reduced intravascular volume.

One of the signs of fluid volume deficit is oliguria, which means low urine output.

Choice B. Nausea is wrong because nausea is a common side effect of osmotic laxatives, not an indication of fluid volume deficit.

Choice C. Headaches is wrong because headaches are more likely to be caused by dehydration, which is a state of reduced total body water, mostly affecting the intracellular fluid compartment.

Dehydration can result from osmotic laxatives, but it is not the same as fluid volume deficit.

Choice D. Weight gain is wrong because weight gain is not a sign of fluid volume deficit.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Older adults are at higher risk of adverse drug reactions due to multiple health problems, polypharmacy, and decreased renal function.

These factors can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pain medications and increase the likelihood of drug interactions, overdosage, or toxicity.

Choice A is wrong because the decreased percentage of body fat does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions in older adults.

In fact, an increased percentage of body fat can alter the distribution and elimination of some drugs.

Choice C is wrong because an increased rate of absorption does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions in older adults.

In fact, decreased rate of absorption can occur due to reduced gastric motility and blood flow.

A. The client has a BUN level of 18 mg/dL. B. The client reports a history of nausea with cefuroxime. C. The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy. D. The client takes an aspirin daily.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider because cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic that can cause serious or life-threatening allergic reactions in people who are allergic to penicillin. The nurse should not administer cefuroxime to this client until the provider is notified and an alternative antibiotic is prescribed.

Choice A is wrong because the client has a BUN level of 18 mg/dL, which is within the normal range of 7 to 20 mg/dL.

This does not indicate any renal impairment or adverse reaction to cefuroxime.

Choice B is wrong because the client reports a history of nausea with cefuroxime, which is a common side effect of this drug.

The nurse should instruct the client to take cefuroxime with food to reduce nausea, but this is not a priority to report to the provider.

Choice D is wrong because the client takes aspirin daily, which does not interact with cefuroxime.

The nurse should monitor the client for any signs of bleeding or bruising while taking aspirin, but this is not a priority to report to the provider.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is assessing a client who is taking an osmotic laxative.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of fluid volume deficit?