A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic. Which of the following manifestations of anaphylaxis should the nurse expect?

Hypertonic reflexes

increase in systolic blood pressure

Angioedema

Urinary retention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The nurse should expect angioedema as one of the manifestations of anaphylaxis in a client experiencing an allergic reaction to an antibiotic. Angioedema is a severe swelling that occurs beneath the skin, typically affecting the face, lips, tongue, throat, or other body parts. It is a result of the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators in response to the allergen.

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly and affect multiple body systems. In addition to angioedema, other common manifestations of anaphylaxis include:

Difficulty breathing or wheezing due to bronchospasm
Hives or urticaria, which are itchy raised skin rashes
Severe itching or tingling sensation
Rapid and weak pulse
Low blood pressure leading to hypotension
Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
Feeling of impending doom or anxiety

Let's go through the other options:

A. Hypertonic reflexes: This is not a manifestation of anaphylaxis. "Hypertonic reflexes" are not typically associated with allergic reactions or anaphylaxis. Hypertonic reflexes refer to increased muscle tone, but they are not part of the usual presentation of anaphylaxis.

B. Increase in systolic blood pressure: Anaphylaxis usually leads to a decrease in blood pressure rather than an increase. The decrease in blood pressure can be severe and result in shock, which is a life-threatening condition.

D. Urinary retention: Urinary retention is not a common manifestation of anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis primarily affects the respiratory and circulatory systems, leading to airway constriction, difficulty breathing, and cardiovascular collapse. Urinary retention is not directly related to the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Neostigmine is a medication classified as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It is commonly used to treat myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents used during surgery. Adverse reactions to neostigmine are related to its cholinergic effects, which result from increased acetylcholine levels in the body.

Let's go through the options:

A. Hypoactive bowel sounds: Neostigmine can actually increase gastrointestinal motility and may cause increased bowel sounds or even diarrhea, not hypoactive bowel sounds. Therefore, hypoactive bowel sounds are not an adverse reaction to neostigmine.

B. Sweating: Sweating is a cholinergic effect and can be an adverse reaction to neostigmine. Increased sweating is a common sign of cholinergic stimulation.

C. Respiratory distress: Respiratory distress can occur as an adverse reaction to neostigmine, particularly if the client has a history of asthma or other respiratory conditions. Neostigmine can cause bronchoconstriction and excessive secretions, leading to respiratory distress.

D. Urinary retention: Neostigmine is actually used to treat urinary retention by increasing bladder contraction. Therefore, urinary retention is not an adverse reaction to neostigmine.

E. Bradycardia: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is a significant adverse reaction to neostigmine due to its cholinergic effects on the heart. Increased acetylcholine levels can lead to excessive stimulation of the vagus nerve, resulting in bradycardia.

A. Thyroid-stimulating hormone B. Hemoglobin C. Blood glucose D. Alanine aminotransferase E. Iron

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

The nurse should monitor the following laboratory tests to determine the effectiveness of epoetin alfa:

B. Hemoglobin: Epoetin alfa is a medication used to treat anemia by stimulating red blood cell production. Monitoring hemoglobin levels can help assess if the medication is effectively increasing red blood cell production and improving anemia.

E. Iron: Iron is essential for red blood cell production. Monitoring iron levels can help determine if the client has adequate iron stores to support the increased production of red blood cells stimulated by epoetin alfa.

The other options listed, A. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, C. Blood glucose, and D. Alanine aminotransferase, are not directly related to the effectiveness of epoetin alfa in treating anemia. Thyroid-stimulating hormone is related to thyroid function, blood glucose is related to blood sugar control, and alanine aminotransferase is related to liver function. While these tests may be important for monitoring the overall health of the client, they are not specific indicators of the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic. Which of the following manifestations of anaphylaxis should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving neostigmine. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an adverse reaction to the medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is taking epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

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