A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is prescribed furosemide. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?

Hypokalemia

Hypoglycemia

Weight gain

Increased blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Hypokalemia is a low level of potassium in the blood. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases the excretion of water and electrolytes, including potassium. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, cramps, arrhythmias, and digoxin toxicity.

Choice B reason: Hypoglycemia is a low level of glucose in the blood. Furosemide does not affect blood glucose levels or insulin secretion. Hypoglycemia may be caused by other factors such as diabetes medications, fasting, or alcohol intake.

Choice C reason: Weight gain is not an adverse effect of furosemide. Furosemide causes weight loss by reducing fluid retention and edema. Weight gain may be a sign of worsening heart failure or fluid overload.

Choice D reason: Increased blood pressure is not an adverse effect of furosemide. Furosemide lowers blood pressure by decreasing blood volume and cardiac preload. Increased blood pressure may be caused by other factors such as salt intake, stress, or kidney disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increased intestinal peristalsis is not an effect of adrenergic agonist drugs, but rather of cholinergic drugs, which stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. Adrenergic agonist drugs activate the sympathetic nervous system, which decreases intestinal motility.

Choice B reason: Bronchial constriction is also not an effect of adrenergic agonist drugs, but rather of cholinergic drugs, which cause bronchoconstriction and increased secretions. Adrenergic agonist drugs cause bronchodilation and decreased secretions.

Choice C reason: Increased heart rate is an effect of adrenergic agonist drugs, which stimulate the beta-1 receptors in the heart, causing increased cardiac output and blood pressure. This is why adrenergic agonist drugs are used to treat conditions such as shock, cardiac arrest, and heart failure.

Choice D reason: Constricted pupils is not an effect of adrenergic agonist drugs, but rather of cholinergic drugs, which cause miosis or pupil constriction. Adrenergic agonist drugs cause mydriasis or pupil dilation.

A. 1,350 mL B. 1,600 mL C. 2525 mL D. 2,100 mL

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. 2,525 mL.

Choice A reason:

1,350 mL is calculated by considering only the lactated Ringer’s IV intake. The calculation is as follows:

Lactated Ringer’s IV at 150 mL/hr for 9 hr: 150 mL/hr × 9 hr = 1,350 mL. This option does not include the intake from cefazolin, packed RBCs, sodium chloride boluses, or famotidine.

Choice B reason:

1,600 mL is not a correct calculation based on the given intake. This value does not accurately sum up any combination of the provided intake components.

Choice C reason:

2,525 mL is the correct total intake. The detailed calculation is:

Lactated Ringer’s IV at 150 mL/hr for 9 hr: 150 mL/hr × 9 hr = 1,350 mL.
Cefazolin in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride: 100 mL.
Two units of packed RBCs: 275 mL + 250 mL = 525 mL.
Two IV bolus infusions of 250 mL of 6.0% sodium chloride: 250 mL + 250 mL = 500 mL.
Famotidine in 50 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride: 50 mL.

Adding these together: 1,350 mL + 100 mL + 525 mL + 500 mL + 50 mL = 2,525 mL.

Choice D reason:

2,100 mL is not a correct calculation based on the given intake. This value does not accurately sum up any combination of the provided intake components.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is prescribed furosemide. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?

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