A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

Barrel

Kyphotic

Funnel

Pigeon

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Barrel shape: In COPD, the chest often assumes a barrel shape due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This is characterized by an increased anterior-posterior diameter, resulting in a more rounded appearance of the chest.

B. Kyphotic: A kyphotic shape refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine. It is not a characteristic chest shape associated with COPD.

C. Funnel: A funnel chest (pectus excavatum) is a depression or hollowing of the chest wall, and it is not typically associated with COPD.

D. Pigeon: A pigeon chest (pectus carinatum) is a deformity in which the chest protrudes outward. It is not a characteristic chest shape associated with COPD.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "This test will help my provider adjust my warfarin dosages": aPTT is not typically used to monitor warfarin therapy. Instead, it is more commonly associated with monitoring heparin therapy.

B. "If my levels are too low, I am at an increased risk for bleeding": This statement is inaccurate. Low levels of clotting factors could lead to a prolonged aPTT, which might increase the risk of bleeding.

C. "It measures deficiencies in clotting factors."

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is a laboratory test that evaluates the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. The aPTT measures the time it takes for a clot to form and reflects the activity of various clotting factors, including factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII. An elevated aPTT may indicate a deficiency or dysfunction of one or more clotting factors.

D. "I will need to skip breakfast until after the test is complete": There is no need for the client to skip breakfast before an aPTT test. The test is not affected by food intake.

A. Remove the catheter. B. Replace the infusion system. C. Prepare for chest tube insertion. D. Place the client on his left side in Trendelenburg position.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Remove the catheter: Removing the catheter may not be the immediate priority. The nurse should focus on preventing further air entry into the circulation and addressing the symptoms.

B. Replace the infusion system: While ensuring that the infusion system is intact is important, it is not the primary action needed to manage an air embolism.

C. Prepare for chest tube insertion: Chest tube insertion is not the primary intervention for an air embolism. The focus should be on preventing the progression of the embolism and providing supportive care.

D. Place the client on his left side in Trendelenburg position: This is the correct answer. Placing the client on the left side in Trendelenburg position is a maneuver used to trap air in the right atrium, preventing it from traveling to the pulmonary artery. The left side position helps to prevent the air from traveling to the right ventricle and into the pulmonary artery, reducing the risk of further complications.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client scheduled for an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and suddenly develops chest pain, dyspnea, dizziness, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects air embolism and clamps the catheter immediately. What other action should the nurse take at this time?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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