A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

Barrel

Kyphotic

Funnel

Pigeon

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Barrel shape: In COPD, the chest often assumes a barrel shape due to hyperinflation of the lungs. This is characterized by an increased anterior-posterior diameter, resulting in a more rounded appearance of the chest.

B. Kyphotic: A kyphotic shape refers to an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine. It is not a characteristic chest shape associated with COPD.

C. Funnel: A funnel chest (pectus excavatum) is a depression or hollowing of the chest wall, and it is not typically associated with COPD.

D. Pigeon: A pigeon chest (pectus carinatum) is a deformity in which the chest protrudes outward. It is not a characteristic chest shape associated with COPD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cabbage: This is the correct answer. Cabbage is a food high in vitamin K, which can antagonize the effects of warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods, such as cabbage, can affect the stability of the client's international normalized ratio (INR).

B. Green beans: Green beans are not particularly high in vitamin K, and their consumption is not usually restricted for clients taking warfarin.

C. White beans: White beans are not particularly high in vitamin K, and their consumption is not usually restricted for clients taking warfarin.

D. Cantaloupe: Cantaloupe is not high in vitamin K, and its consumption is not usually restricted for clients taking warfarin.

A. Providing immediate rest for the client B. Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic C. Positioning the client in high-Fowler's D. Initiating oxygen therapy

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Providing immediate rest for the client: Rest is important, but in the context of an acute asthma exacerbation, addressing the underlying respiratory distress is the priority.

B. Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic agonist: This is the correct answer. Beta-adrenergic agonists, such as albuterol, are bronchodilators that help relieve bronchoconstriction and improve airflow. Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic agonist is a key intervention during an acute asthma exacerbation to alleviate symptoms and improve respiratory function.

C. Positioning the client in high-Fowler's: While positioning can assist with respiratory effort, administering a bronchodilator is a more direct and immediate intervention to relieve airway obstruction.

D. Initiating oxygen therapy: While oxygen therapy may be necessary, addressing bronchoconstriction with a beta-adrenergic agonist is the primary intervention during an acute asthma exacerbation.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should expect the client's chest to be which of the following shapes?

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