A nurse is assessing a client who has a long history of smoking and is suspected of having laryngeal cancer. The nurse should anticipate that the client will report that her earliest manifestation was
Weight loss.
Hoarseness.
Dysphagia.
Dyspnea.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Weight loss can occur as laryngeal cancer progresses, but it is not typically an early sign.
B. Hoarseness is often the earliest and most common symptom of laryngeal cancer. It occurs due to the involvement of the vocal cords.
C. Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, may develop as the cancer advances, but it is not usually the initial symptom.
D. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, can occur if the tumor obstructs the airway, but it is generally a later manifestation of laryngeal cancer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Neurologic deficits increasing over 2 weeks are more characteristic of subdural hematomas, not epidural hematomas.
B. A change in the level of consciousness that develops over 48 hours is typical of subdural hematomas.
C. An epidural hematoma often presents with a brief period of lucidity followed by a rapid decline in consciousness due to arterial bleeding.
D. Cognitive perception that decreases over several months post-injury is not typical of epidural hematomas, which generally cause acute and rapid changes.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Flex the client’s hip is incorrect. Flexing the hip can increase intra-abdominal pressure and potentially increase intracranial pressure.
B. Hyperextend the client’s neck is incorrect. Hyperextension of the neck can interfere with venous return from the brain and increase ICP.
C. Provide warming measures for the client is incorrect. Warming measures are not indicated for a low CPP; maintaining normothermia is important, but warming is not the priority action.
D. Adjust the client’s head of bed is correct. Elevating the head of the bed helps reduce ICP and improves cerebral perfusion by promoting venous outflow.
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