A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Edema with normal or low BP

Edema with hypertension

Unexpected weight loss

Frequency and urgency

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Edema with normal or low BP is correct. In nephrotic syndrome, fluid retention leads to edema, and blood pressure is typically normal or low due to the loss of protein in the urine and reduced plasma oncotic pressure.
B.   Edema with hypertension is less common in nephrotic syndrome but may occur in cases with significant fluid retention or other complications.
C.   Unexpected weight loss is incorrect. Weight gain due to fluid retention is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome.
D.   Frequency and urgency are not common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome; these are more typical of urinary tract infections.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A CT scan is not typically used to assess febrile seizures or to diagnose meningitis in this context. CSF analysis is more relevant.
B. While an EEG could be helpful for diagnosing seizures, it is not the priority in this case where an infection (meningitis) is suspected.
C. As mentioned in question 36, CSF analysis is essential in diagnosing meningitis, especially in infants presenting with seizures and fever. The nurse would anticipate this as the most appropriate diagnostic test to confirm meningitis or other CNS infections.
D. Blood cultures are helpful for identifying systemic infection but are not the first step in diagnosing meningitis, where CSF analysis is more specific.

A. Administering pain medication as needed B. Providing a low-sodium diet to prevent fluid overload C. Encouraging the child to ambulate as soon as possible D. Assessing vital signs every 4 hours

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While pain management is important, the priority is assessing for complications that could arise after the procedure.
B. Discharge teaching is important, but the priority immediately after the procedure is monitoring for complications.
C. While hydration is important, it is not the immediate priority following VP shunt placement, where the focus should be on assessing for signs of complications.
D. Regular monitoring of vital signs is crucial to detect complications such as shunt malfunction, infection, or increased intracranial pressure.

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A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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