A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Edema with normal or low BP

Edema with hypertension

Unexpected weight loss

Frequency and urgency

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Edema with normal or low BP is correct. In nephrotic syndrome, fluid retention leads to edema, and blood pressure is typically normal or low due to the loss of protein in the urine and reduced plasma oncotic pressure.
B.   Edema with hypertension is less common in nephrotic syndrome but may occur in cases with significant fluid retention or other complications.
C.   Unexpected weight loss is incorrect. Weight gain due to fluid retention is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome.
D.   Frequency and urgency are not common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome; these are more typical of urinary tract infections.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tachycardia can occur with a brain tumor due to increased intracranial pressure and systemic stress responses.
B. Hyporeflexia is not a typical sign of a brain tumor. Hyperreflexia or changes in reflexes may be seen with central nervous system involvement.
C. Decreased appetite is more common due to nausea, vomiting, and other neurological symptoms associated with brain tumors.
D. A negative Babinski reflex is normal in children over 2 years old, and a positive Babinski reflex (extending the toes) may indicate neurological involvement, not a typical finding in brain tumors.

A. Computed tomography scan (CT scan) B. Electroencephalogram (EEG) C. Analysis of Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) D. Blood Culture &. Sensitivity (C&S)

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A CT scan is typically used to evaluate structural issues in the brain, such as tumors or bleeding, rather than infections like meningitis.
B. An EEG is used to diagnose epilepsy or other seizure disorders, but it would not help in diagnosing the cause of a febrile seizure related to a possible infection.
C. In a 5-month-old with a seizure and high fever, meningitis is a critical consideration. The analysis of CSF through a lumbar puncture is required to confirm or rule out meningitis. Fever with a seizure in infants may indicate an infection such as bacterial or viral meningitis, making CSF analysis essential.
D. While blood cultures can help identify an infection, CSF analysis is more specific in cases of suspected meningitis, as it directly tests for infection in the central nervous system.

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A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?

Nursing Test Bank

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