A nurse is admitting a patient to the medical unit who has a history of alcohol use disorder. The nurse should be aware of which of the following potential long-term physiological effects on the patient's body? (Select all that apply)

Cirrhosis

Heightened awareness

Gastritis

Brain damage

Esophageal varices

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

Choice A reason:
Cirrhosis is a severe scarring of the liver and poor liver function seen at the terminal stages of chronic liver disease. It is one of the primary long-term effects of alcohol use disorder, as the liver is the main organ responsible for metabolizing alcohol. Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to inflammation, liver cell death, and eventually cirrhosis, which significantly impairs the liver's ability to function properly.

Choice B reason:
Heightened awareness is not typically a long-term physiological effect of alcohol use disorder. In fact, chronic alcohol use is more likely to dull cognitive functions and reduce awareness due to its depressive effects on the central nervous system.

Choice C reason:
Gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining, is another potential long-term effect of alcohol use disorder. Alcohol can irritate and erode the gastric mucosa, leading to gastritis, which may present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Choice D reason:
Brain damage is a serious long-term effect of alcohol use disorder. Alcohol can cause changes in the brain, leading to problems with cognition, memory, and motor skills. Chronic exposure to alcohol can result in brain shrinkage and the development of conditions like Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Choice E reason:
Esophageal varices are enlarged veins in the esophagus that can occur as a result of portal hypertension, often due to cirrhosis of the liver caused by alcohol use disorder. They are a significant risk because they can rupture and lead to life-threatening bleeding.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
This choice represents an authoritative approach, which may not be effective with a depressed client who is refusing therapy and ADLs. It does not offer support or understanding of the client's condition and may exacerbate feelings of helplessness or resistance to care.

Choice B reason:
While this statement offers a degree of autonomy to the client, it lacks the active encouragement and assistance that might be necessary to motivate a client who is depressed. It does not address the importance of participating in therapy or ADLs for the client's recovery.

Choice C reason:
This is the most therapeutic choice as it offers both support and a gentle nudge towards participation. It acknowledges the client's current state and provides a clear, immediate, and supportive next step. This approach can help reduce the client's feelings of being overwhelmed and can foster a sense of collaboration between the nurse and the client.

Choice D reason:
This statement, although factual, may come across as confrontational and could potentially discourage the client further. It does not provide the supportive framework that is crucial for engaging a client who is struggling with depression.

A. "Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are not a concern while on this medication." B. "You should maintain adequate sodium intake." C. "You will need to take this medication on an empty stomach." D. "You will need your blood levels drawn weekly during the first month."

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:
This statement is incorrect. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can be side effects of lithium and are concerns while on this medication. It is important for clients to report these symptoms to their healthcare provider, as they can be signs of lithium toxicity.

Choice B reason:
This statement is correct. Maintaining adequate sodium intake is important while taking lithium. Sodium levels can affect lithium levels in the body, and sudden changes in sodium intake can lead to lithium toxicity or decreased effectiveness of the medication.

Choice C reason:
This statement is incorrect. Lithium does not necessarily need to be taken on an empty stomach. It can be taken with or without food, although taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset.

Choice D reason:
This statement is correct. Regular monitoring of blood levels is essential during the first month of lithium therapy to ensure that lithium levels are within the therapeutic range and to avoid toxicity. The frequency of monitoring may change based on the results and as treatment continues.

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A nurse is admitting a patient to the medical unit who has a history of alcohol use disorder. The nurse should be aware of which of the following potential long-term physiological effects on the patient's body? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is depressed and refuses to participate in group therapy or perform activities of daily living. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to teach a client about the lithium prescription for treating bipolar disorder. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

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A nurse is admitting a patient to the medical unit who has a history of alcohol use disorder. The nurse should be aware of which of the following potential long-term physiological effects on the patient's body? (Select all that apply)

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