A nurse is admitting a client who reports recurrent flank pain and nausea for 24 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Choice A rationale
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor. UTIs are caused by bacteria that infect the urinary tract, leading to inflammation and the presence of pus or white blood cells in the urine. This can result in cloudy urine with a strong odor. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is necessary to resolve the infection and prevent complications.
Choice B rationale
Dehydration can cause dark amber urine, but it does not typically cause cloudiness or an unpleasant odor. Dehydration leads to concentrated urine, which appears darker in color. However, the presence of cloudiness and odor suggests an infection rather than dehydration.
Choice C rationale
Kidney stones can cause dark urine if there is bleeding, but they do not typically cause cloudiness or an unpleasant odor. The passage of a kidney stone can lead to hematuria (blood in the urine), which may darken the urine. However, the symptoms described are more indicative of a urinary tract infection.
Choice D rationale
Liver disease can cause dark urine due to the presence of bilirubin, but it does not typically cause cloudiness or an unpleasant odor. Dark urine in liver disease is usually accompanied by other symptoms such as jaundice, pale stools, and fatigue. The combination of dark, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor is more suggestive of a urinary tract infection. .

Choice A rationale
High fever in the early morning is not a typical finding in pulmonary tuberculosis. TB patients may experience low-grade fevers, but high fevers are less common and usually occur in the evening or at night.
Choice B rationale
Fatigue is a common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis. TB is a chronic infectious disease that can cause prolonged periods of fatigue and weakness due to the body’s ongoing immune response to the infection.
Choice C rationale

Increased appetite is not a typical finding in pulmonary tuberculosis. TB patients often experience a loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss due to the systemic effects of the infection.
Choice D rationale
Night sweats are a classic symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis. TB patients often experience drenching night sweats as a result of the body’s immune response to the infection. This symptom, along with chronic cough and weight loss, is a key indicator of TB.