A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an adult who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Montelukast
Budesonide
Prednisone
Albuterol
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms. It is not effective for acute asthma attacks, as it does not provide immediate bronchodilation.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid that is used for long-term control and prevention of inflammation in asthma. It is not effective for acute asthma attacks, as it does not provide immediate relief of bronchospasm.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as prednisone is an oral corticosteroid that is used for short-term treatment of severe asthma exacerbations. It is not effective for acute asthma attacks, as it takes several hours to exert its anti-inflammatory effect.
Choice D reason: This statement is correct, as albuterol is a short-acting beta2 agonist that is used for quick relief of acute asthma symptoms. It provides rapid bronchodilation by relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Obtaining blood culture specimens is important to identify the causative organism and guide antibiotic therapy, but it is not the priority action for a child who is in respiratory distress. The nurse should first secure the airway and stabilize the child's condition.
Choice B reason: Administering an antipyretic may help lower the fever and reduce discomfort, but it does not address the cause of the dyspnea and drooling, which may indicate epiglottitis. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate airway management.
Choice C reason: Preparing for nasotracheal intubation is the priority action for a child who has signs of epiglottitis, as it can prevent airway obstruction and respiratory failure. The nurse should have the equipment and personnel ready for intubation and avoid any stimulation or manipulation of the throat that can trigger laryngeal spasm.
Choice D reason: Inserting an IV catheter is necessary to administer fluids and medications, but it is not the first priority for a child who is in respiratory distress. The nurse should focus on the airway before the circulation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the best fluid for a child with acute gastroenteritis, as it contains the optimal balance of electrolytes and glucose to prevent dehydration and restore fluid balance. ORS is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for the management of diarrhea in children.
Choice B reason: Water is not a good fluid for a child with acute gastroenteritis, as it does not contain any electrolytes or glucose and can dilute the blood sodium level, leading to hyponatremia. Water can also increase the osmotic load in the intestines and worsen diarrhea.
Choice C reason: Broth is not a good fluid for a child with acute gastroenteritis, as it is high in sodium and can cause hypernatremia and dehydration. Broth can also irritate the intestinal mucosa and increase diarrhea.
Choice D reason: Diluted apple juice is not a good fluid for a child with acute gastroenteritis, as it is high in fructose and can cause osmotic diarrhea. Apple juice can also lower the blood pH and cause metabolic acidosis.
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