A nurse in a provider's office is evaluating a client who has been taking lisinopril for hypertension. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?

Leukocytosis

Cough

Hypokalemia

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Leukocytosis:
Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, is not commonly associated with leukocytosis (an increase in white blood cells). This finding is more typical of infections or inflammatory conditions rather than a side effect of lisinopril.

B) Cough:
A persistent dry cough is a well-known adverse effect of lisinopril and other ACE inhibitors. This occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin and substance P in the respiratory tract. Patients often report this side effect, and it may require switching to a different class of antihypertensive medication.

C) Hypokalemia:
Lisinopril usually does not cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels). In fact, ACE inhibitors can lead to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) due to reduced aldosterone production, which normally promotes potassium excretion.

D) Bradycardia:
Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical adverse effect of lisinopril. This medication primarily affects blood pressure through vasodilation and reduction of fluid volume rather than directly influencing heart rate.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Discard samples that contain urine:
Urine contamination can interfere with the accuracy of a fecal occult blood test (FOBT). The presence of urine can dilute the stool sample and potentially alter the test results. Therefore, it is essential to discard any samples that are contaminated with urine to ensure the reliability of the test.

B. Collect three samples from a single bowel movement:
For a guaiac-based FOBT, it is recommended to collect samples from different bowel movements rather than a single one. This increases the likelihood of detecting intermittent bleeding. Collecting three samples from different bowel movements over a few days can provide a more accurate assessment of occult blood.

C. Wear sterile gloves when collecting the sample:
While gloves should be worn for protection and hygiene purposes, sterile gloves are not necessary for collecting stool samples for FOBT. Clean, non-sterile gloves are adequate to prevent contamination and ensure safe handling of the specimen.

D. Take the sample from the outer edge of formed stool:
For a guaiac smear, samples should ideally be taken from various parts of the stool, not just the outer edge, to increase the chance of detecting occult blood. Taking a small amount from different areas of the stool can provide a more representative sample for accurate testing.

A. Furosemide B. Nitroprusside C. Desmopressin D. Epinephrine

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Furosemide:
Furosemide is a diuretic used to promote the excretion of excess fluid in conditions such as heart failure, renal impairment, and hypertension. Given the client's already high urinary output, administering furosemide would exacerbate the fluid loss and dehydration, making it inappropriate for this scenario.

B. Nitroprusside:
Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used to manage hypertensive emergencies by lowering blood pressure. It does not address the issue of excessive urinary output or thirst associated with brainstem contusion, and thus, it is not suitable for treating the client's condition.

C. Desmopressin:
Desmopressin is an antidiuretic hormone (ADH) analog used to treat conditions such as diabetes insipidus, which is characterized by excessive thirst and high urinary output. The client's symptoms suggest central diabetes insipidus, likely due to brainstem injury affecting ADH production. Desmopressin would help reduce urinary output and alleviate thirst, making it the most appropriate choice.

D. Epinephrine:
Epinephrine is a medication used primarily in emergencies such as anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and severe asthma attacks. It does not have a role in managing high urinary output or thirst related to brainstem injury and is not relevant in this context.

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A nurse in a provider's office is evaluating a client who has been taking lisinopril for hypertension. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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