A nurse in a mental health facility caring for a client who expresses anxiety about exercising in the outdoor courtyard. The nurse promises to walk with the client in the courtyard each day. Which of the following ethical principles is the nurse demonstrating?
Autonomy
Fidelity
Justice
Nonmalefcence
The Correct Answer is B
A) Autonomy: Autonomy refers to the right of individuals to make their own choices and decisions. While the nurse’s actions may promote the client’s independence in the future, the nurse’s promise to walk with the client does not directly address or uphold the client’s autonomy. The nurse is offering support rather than encouraging the client to make independent decisions about their participation in the exercise.
B) Fidelity: Fidelity involves being faithful and keeping promises or commitments. In this scenario, the nurse promises to walk with the client in the courtyard each day, and this promise demonstrates the ethical principle of fidelity. The nurse is demonstrating trustworthiness and loyalty by committing to help the client overcome their anxiety and follow through with the daily exercise.
C) Justice: Justice is the ethical principle that focuses on fairness and equal treatment for all individuals. While justice is important in providing equal care to all clients, it is not the primary principle in this scenario. The nurse’s actions focus on meeting the specific needs of the individual client, which is more aligned with fidelity.
D) Nonmaleficence: Nonmaleficence means “do no harm.” While the nurse’s goal is to prevent harm by helping the client address their anxiety, the primary ethical principle at play here is fidelity, as the nurse is keeping their promise to provide consistent support. Nonmaleficence would be more relevant if the nurse were directly addressing potential harm or risk associated with the client’s situation, but the promise to walk with the client focuses more on the nurse’s commitment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) I participate in physical activities 3 times per week: Engaging in physical activity is a positive behavior and is not considered high-risk. Regular physical activity is important for maintaining overall health and preventing obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other health issues.
B) I use sunscreen with an SPF of 10: While using sunscreen is a protective behavior, an SPF of 10 is lower than the recommended SPF of at least 30 for effective protection against harmful UV radiation. This is not the most significant high-risk behavior compared to others, but it still indicates some risk of sun damage.
C) I limit playing video games to 3 hours per day: Limiting screen time to 3 hours per day can be considered a balanced approach to video gaming. While excessive screen time can be problematic, 3 hours per day is not necessarily a high-risk behavior for an adolescent, as long as it doesn't interfere with other important aspects of life, like physical activity, sleep, and socialization.
D) I have had sexual relations, but did not get the HPV vaccine: Engaging in sexual activity without receiving the HPV vaccine is a high-risk behavior. The HPV vaccine helps prevent certain strains of the human papillomavirus, which can cause cervical cancer and other cancers. Lack of vaccination increases the risk of contracting HPV and developing related complications.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) "You should expect to have blood work every 6 months while taking this medication.": While it is important for clients on phenytoin to have regular blood work, especially to monitor drug levels and assess for potential side effects (e.g., liver function, complete blood count), the frequency of blood work is typically more frequent than every 6 months. Blood work is often performed at least every 3-6 months, or more frequently if there are concerns about phenytoin levels or side effects. Therefore, this statement is not accurate.
B) "You can safely take this medication if you become pregnant.": Phenytoin is classified as a Category D medication in pregnancy, meaning it has been shown to cause potential harm to the fetus. It is not considered safe during pregnancy, and women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should discuss alternative medications with their healthcare provider.
C) "You might experience swollen gums while taking this medication.": Gingival hyperplasia (swelling of the gums) is a common side effect of phenytoin. Clients taking this medication should be aware of this potential side effect and should be instructed on proper oral hygiene and regular dental checkups to help minimize this risk. This statement is accurate and should be included in the teaching.
D) "You can skip a dose of this medication if you are nauseated.": It is important not to skip doses of phenytoin, as maintaining therapeutic levels of the drug is crucial for its effectiveness in preventing seizures. If a client experiences nausea or difficulty taking the medication, they should contact their healthcare provider for guidance rather than skipping doses. Skipping doses could lead to breakthrough seizures.
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