A nurse in a community clinic is assessing a client who reports injecting heroin 1 hr ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Explanation: Heroin is a central nervous system depressant that can cause various physiological effects on the body. Dilated pupils are a common sign of heroin use, along with a decrease in blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. The pupils will appear larger than usual because heroin depresses the parasympathetic nervous system, which controls the size of the pupils.

Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is not typically associated with heroin use, as it is a central nervous system depressant. Euphoria, or a feeling of intense pleasure or happiness, is a common effect of heroin use, but it is not the most reliable sign of heroin use, as other drugs can also produce this effect. Nystagmus, an involuntary movement of the eyes, is not a common sign of heroin use. Dilated pupils are a reliable sign of heroin use and should be documented in the client's medical record. It is important for the nurse to assess for other signs of drug use and to provide appropriate care and support to the client, which may include referrals for substance abuse treatment. The nurse should also follow agency policies and procedures for reporting drug use and abuse to appropriate authorities.

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Explanation: Lyme disease is a reportable disease that requires notification to state and local health departments. The state health department is responsible for voluntary reporting of the cases to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Health care providers, including nurses, are required by law to report certain communicable diseases, such as Lyme disease, to the state or local health department. The CDC uses these reports to track the spread of the disease, provide information to the public, and develop prevention and control strategies. The state health department also collaborates with the local health department and health care providers to conduct investigations and implement control measures to prevent the spread of the disease.