A middle-aged client tells the nurse that his father died of colon cancer. The client is concerned about developing this disease as well. Which of the following would the nurse include in the recommendations for this client?

"It is imperative that you make dietary changes and increase your intake of fiber."

"You should discuss family history of cancer and early screening options with your primary care provider."

"You can get a Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) blood test annually to predict your chances of developing cancer."

"There is no need to worry about this until you are over 60 years old."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Increasing fiber intake is generally beneficial for digestive health but alone may not address the client's specific concern regarding colon cancer risk, making this advice too narrow.
B. Discussing family history and early screening options with a primary care provider is crucial, as it can lead to earlier detection and intervention, especially given the family history of colon cancer.
C. The CEA blood test is not routinely used for cancer screening; it is primarily used to monitor treatment response or recurrence, not for predicting the development of cancer.
D. Waiting until the age of 60 to be concerned about colon cancer is not advisable, especially with a family history; proactive discussions about screening should begin earlier based on risk factors.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The HPV vaccination is a form of primary prevention as it aims to prevent the initial occurrence of cervical cancer by protecting against the human papillomavirus, which is a major risk factor for this cancer.
B. BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing is a form of genetic testing used for risk assessment rather than prevention; it helps identify individuals at high risk for breast and ovarian cancers but does not prevent cancer itself.
C. Annual mammograms are a secondary prevention measure aimed at early detection of breast cancer rather than preventing the disease from occurring, as they help identify cancer in its early stages.
D. Rehabilitation exercises post-chemotherapy are supportive measures for patients undergoing treatment; they do not constitute primary prevention, which focuses on measures taken before cancer develops.

A. Avoid high-protein food because they are irritating. B. Avoid snacking in between meal times. C. Maintain diet of pureed foods. D. Lie flat after meals to prevent vomiting.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. High-protein foods are not typically irritating after an esophagogastrectomy and are essential for healing and maintaining nutritional status. Clients should be encouraged to eat balanced meals with adequate protein.
B. Clients recovering from an esophagogastrectomy should avoid snacking between meals to prevent dumping syndrome, a common complication where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Instead, small, frequent meals should be consumed.
C. While pureed foods may be part of the immediate post-operative diet, the long-term goal is to gradually reintroduce solid foods, following the physician's dietary recommendations. A pureed diet is not necessarily required long-term.
D. Lying flat after meals increases the risk of reflux, which can be particularly harmful to clients recovering from esophageal surgery. Clients should be advised to stay upright after eating to aid digestion and prevent reflux.

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A middle-aged client tells the nurse that his father died of colon cancer. The client is concerned about developing this disease as well. Which of the following would the nurse include in the recommendations for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is presenting information to the public regarding steps to decrease the risk for cancer development. The nurse includes which information as a form of primary prevention?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client recovering from an esophagogastrectomy is preparing for discharge. What instructions should be included in the dietary teaching for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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