The nurse is educating adolescent high school students about when to seek medical attention regarding suspected cancerous skin lesions. Which of the following are included in the nurse's teaching? The lesion has:

An irregular border.

Asymmetrical shape.

Been increasing in size.

A diameter of less than 4 mm.

Ecchymosis.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A. An irregular border is a key characteristic of potentially cancerous skin lesions, particularly melanoma. Melanomas often have uneven, poorly defined edges.
B. Asymmetry is another sign of melanoma. If one half of a lesion does not match the other in shape or size, it should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
C. Any lesion that has been increasing in size, particularly over a short period, is a concern and should be checked. Rapid growth can be a sign of malignancy.
D. A lesion with a diameter of less than 4 mm is generally less concerning, as most cancerous lesions are larger. However, the other factors (such as asymmetry and border irregularity) are more significant for diagnosis.
E. Ecchymosis (bruising) is not typically associated with cancerous skin lesions. Skin cancers like melanoma present as new or changing moles, not bruising.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Using a soft toothbrush is appropriate for preventing bleeding, but it does not directly indicate an understanding of neutropenia or its implications for infection risk.
B. Babysitting a young child may expose the client to infections, which is not safe for someone with neutropenia. This statement shows a lack of understanding.
C. Calling the oncologist when experiencing an increased temperature is critical because it may indicate an infection, which is a major concern for clients with neutropenia. This statement reflects an appropriate understanding of the condition.
D. While wearing a mask can be beneficial in some situations, stating that it must be worn at all times is not necessary and shows a misunderstanding of the guidelines for reducing infection risk in neutropenia.

A. Avoid high-protein food because they are irritating. B. Avoid snacking in between meal times. C. Maintain diet of pureed foods. D. Lie flat after meals to prevent vomiting.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. High-protein foods are not typically irritating after an esophagogastrectomy and are essential for healing and maintaining nutritional status. Clients should be encouraged to eat balanced meals with adequate protein.
B. Clients recovering from an esophagogastrectomy should avoid snacking between meals to prevent dumping syndrome, a common complication where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Instead, small, frequent meals should be consumed.
C. While pureed foods may be part of the immediate post-operative diet, the long-term goal is to gradually reintroduce solid foods, following the physician's dietary recommendations. A pureed diet is not necessarily required long-term.
D. Lying flat after meals increases the risk of reflux, which can be particularly harmful to clients recovering from esophageal surgery. Clients should be advised to stay upright after eating to aid digestion and prevent reflux.

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The nurse is educating adolescent high school students about when to seek medical attention regarding suspected cancerous skin lesions. Which of the following are included in the nurse's teaching? The lesion has:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What statement indicates that the client understands teaching about neutropenia as a result of bone marrow suppression?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The client recovering from an esophagogastrectomy is preparing for discharge. What instructions should be included in the dietary teaching for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is participating in a health screening clinic and is preparing teaching materials about colorectal cancer. Which risk factor for colorectal cancer should the nurse include?

The nurse is evaluating the client's understanding of discharge instructions after a total hip replacement. The nurse asks the client what type of seating should be used. The client's correct response should be a:

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The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client newly diagnosed with lung cancer. The nurse understands the client requires additional discharge teaching when the client states:

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