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A low-sodium diet is prescribed for a client who has fluid volume overload due to chronic heart failure. The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is necessary when the client makes which statement?

“I can eat whatever I want in restaurants, as long as I don't add additional salt from the shaker when the food arrives to the table."

"I will eat more fresh vegetables, because canned vegetables can be high in sodium."

“I should read the nutrition labels when I grocery shop, because sodium can be high in a variety of processed foods."

"I can add lemon juice and herbs for flavor when I cook, instead of adding salt."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. This statement indicates a lack of understanding about hidden sodium in restaurant foods. Many restaurant dishes contain high levels of sodium, even if additional salt is not added at the table. The client needs to be educated about choosing low-sodium options when dining out and asking about the sodium content of meals.
B. This statement reflects correct understanding, as fresh vegetables typically contain less sodium than canned vegetables, which often have added salt.
C. This statement shows proper knowledge, as reading nutrition labels helps identify foods with high sodium content, allowing for better dietary choices.
D. This statement is appropriate, as using lemon juice and herbs is a good alternative to adding salt for flavoring food.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. NSTEMI would present with elevated troponin levels indicating myocardial injury, which is not the case here.

B. Stable angina occurs predictably with exertion and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.

C. STEMI is characterized by ST-elevation on the ECG and elevated troponin levels, indicating significant myocardial injury.

D. Unstable angina presents with chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is not predictable. The presence of T-wave inversion and normal troponin levels is consistent with this diagnosis.

A. A client who had a myocardial infarction two days ago, and complains of soft stools after taking docusate sodium. B. A client being treated for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) who has had 120 mL of urine output in the last 12 hours. C. A client who was admitted for premature atrial contractions (PACS) and whose most recent blood pressure is 148/89. D. A client receiving furosemide for heart failure whose daily weight shows that he has lost 0.5 kg since yesterday.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While soft stools after taking docusate sodium is noteworthy, it is not immediately life-threatening and does not require urgent intervention.
B. Oliguria (low urine output) in a client with TTP is concerning because it may indicate acute kidney injury or worsening of the condition, requiring immediate assessment and intervention.
C. An elevated blood pressure in a client with PACs is important but not as critical as potential kidney dysfunction in the TTP patient.
D. A weight loss of 0.5 kg in a client with heart failure on furosemide may be expected and does not require immediate intervention.

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A low-sodium diet is prescribed for a client who has fluid volume overload due to chronic heart failure. The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is necessary when the client makes which statement?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse receives report on four clients at the beginning of the shift. Which of the following clients should the nurse place priority on assessing first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which statement made by the patient would be consistent with left-sided heart failure?

A client in an urgent care clinic states "My heart feels like it is skipping beats every now and then." A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) shows a extra P-wave. The nurse should understand that this ECG finding represents which of the following conditions?

A low-sodium diet is prescribed for a client who has fluid volume overload due to chronic heart failure. The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is necessary when the client makes which statement?

A client has been diagnosed with chronic stable angina and has a new prescription for nitroglycerin tablets. Which statement about this medication should the nurse include in the patient education?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Despite medication therapy, the client's platelets are low. Which of the following procedures would reduce the destruction of platelets for a client who has ITP?

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following statements made by the client requires the nurse to provide correction and additional teaching?

A client is seen in the emergency department with a heart failure exacerbation due to noncompliance with medications and fluid restrictions. Which key diagnostic result should the nurse assess to determine the severity of the client's heart failure exacerbation?