A client in an urgent care clinic states "My heart feels like it is skipping beats every now and then." A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) shows a extra P-wave. The nurse should understand that this ECG finding represents which of the following conditions?
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Premature atrial contractions
Stable angina
The Correct Answer is C
A. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm and absence of distinct P-waves.
B. Atrial flutter typically presents with "saw-tooth" flutter waves rather than extra P-waves.
C. Premature atrial contractions (PACs) are identified by the presence of extra P-waves on an ECG.
D. Stable angina is related to chest pain and does not have specific ECG findings such as extra P-waves.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pleural effusion may be a complication of heart failure but does not directly explain the decreased urine output and elevated serum creatinine.
B. Myocardial infarction would present with different symptoms, such as chest pain, rather than decreased urine output and elevated creatinine.
C. Cardiorenal syndrome refers to the interdependence of the heart and kidneys, where chronic heart failure leads to worsening kidney function, causing symptoms like decreased urine output and elevated serum creatinine.
D. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is related to the use of heparin and presents with low platelet counts, not decreased urine output and elevated creatinine.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. NSTEMI would present with elevated troponin levels indicating myocardial injury, which is not the case here.
B. Stable angina occurs predictably with exertion and is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
C. STEMI is characterized by ST-elevation on the ECG and elevated troponin levels, indicating significant myocardial injury.
D. Unstable angina presents with chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is not predictable. The presence of T-wave inversion and normal troponin levels is consistent with this diagnosis.
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