A home health nurse is teaching a new parent about caring for his 1-week-old infant. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. A client who is taking warfarin and has started to breastfeed: Warfarin passes into breast milk in very small amounts and is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding. However, the infant’s coagulation status should be monitored, and follow-up with the healthcare provider is appropriate to ensure safety.

B. A client who is taking bumetanide and reports an increase in urinary frequency: Increased urination is an expected pharmacologic effect of loop diuretics like bumetanide. This finding does not require follow-up unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

C. A client who received a Mantoux test 48 hr ago and has an induration: A positive Mantoux test requires interpretation by a healthcare provider, but the presence of induration alone is a normal finding that triggers standard follow-up for tuberculosis screening.

D. A client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy and is taking sodium phosphate: Sodium phosphate is commonly used as a bowel prep for colonoscopy. As long as the client follows the prescribed instructions and has no contraindications, this does not require additional follow-up.

Rationale:

A. A blister-like area: Blistering is not the expected reaction used to interpret a Mantoux test. The result is based on the presence and size of induration, not the formation of blisters.

B. A cool, blanched area: Coolness and blanching are not indicators of a positive test. These findings may reflect poor circulation or local skin reaction unrelated to tuberculosis screening.

C. An elevated, hardened area: Induration (elevated, firm area) at the injection site, measured in millimeters, is the basis for determining a positive result. The size threshold for positivity depends on the client’s risk factors for tuberculosis.

D. An area of ecchymosis: Bruising at the site is a local skin reaction that can occur after any injection and is unrelated to the diagnostic criteria for a positive Mantoux test.