A home health nurse is assisting in the care of a client.

Select the 4 findings that indicate an understanding of the reinforced teaching.

Amount of time washing hands

Time leftovers sit unrefrigerated on countertop

Refrigerator temperature

Defrosting of frozen foods

Leftover storage time in refrigerator

Use of cutting board

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E,F

A. Amount of time washing hands: On Day 14, the client washes hands for 15 seconds. Safe food handling guidelines (CDC/USDA) require scrubbing hands with soap for at least 20 seconds to effectively remove pathogens. This indicates the teaching was not fully understood.

B. Time leftovers sit unrefrigerated on countertop: On Day 1, the client waited 3 hours. On Day 14, the client moved leftovers to the fridge within 2 hours. This aligns with safety standards to prevent the "Danger Zone" temperature range where bacteria multiply rapidly.

C. Refrigerator temperature: On Day 14, the fridge is set to 5.6° C (42° F). For safe food storage, a refrigerator must be set at or below 4.4° C (40° F). The client’s setting is still too high.

D. Defrosting of frozen foods: On Day 1, the client defrosted on the counter (unsafe). On Day 14, the client is defrosting in the refrigerator, which is the safest method to keep food at a consistent, cold temperature during thawing.

E. Leftover storage time in refrigerator: On Day 1, the client kept leftovers for 7 days (too long). On Day 14, they are discarded after 2 days. Generally, leftovers should be used or discarded within 3 to 4 days; 2 days is well within the safe limit.

F. Use of cutting board: On Day 1, the client used one board for everything (risk of cross-contamination). On Day 14, they use separate boards for raw meats and vegetables, which is a critical step in preventing foodborne illness like Salmonellosis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I will empty my drainage bag once a day.": The bag should be emptied when it is half to two-thirds full, or at least every 8 hours, to prevent tension and bacterial growth.

B. "I will keep the drainage bag below the level of my waist.": Keeping the bag lower than the bladder ensures that gravity allows urine to flow out and prevents the backflow (reflux) of contaminated urine into the bladder.

C. "I will apply antiseptic ointment to the tip of my penis.": Routine use of antiseptic ointments at the meatus is not recommended and can actually increase the risk of infection by trapping bacteria.

D. "I will clamp the tube when I go for a walk.": The catheter should never be clamped without a specific medical order, as it causes urine to back up into the bladder and kidneys.

A. Determine the client's ability to use a communication board. B. Provide the teaching without expecting the client to respond. C. Avoid the use of facial gestures during the instructions. D. Speak with a loud voice while providing the information.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Determine the client's ability to use a communication board.: Expressive aphasia affects the ability to produce language. A communication board allows the client to point to pictures or words, facilitating two-way communication during the teaching process.

B. Provide the teaching without expecting the client to respond.: The nurse must evaluate the client’s understanding (the "teach-back" method) to ensure the information was grasped, even if the response is non-verbal.

C. Avoid the use of facial gestures during the instructions.: Non-verbal cues, gestures, and facial expressions are essential tools to help a client with aphasia understand the context of what is being said.

D. Speak with a loud voice while providing the information.: Aphasia is a language processing disorder, not a hearing impairment. Speaking loudly is unnecessary and can be perceived as patronizing.

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A home health nurse is assisting in the care of a client. Select the 4 findings that indicate an understanding of the reinforced teaching.

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A home health nurse is assisting in the care of a client.

Select the 4 findings that indicate an understanding of the reinforced teaching.