A community health nurse is educating a parent about the importance of hepatitis B immunization. Which of the following explanations should the nurse give the parent about the disease?

The correct answer is D.

Caffeinated beverages should be replaced with caffeine-free beverages. High levels of caffeine can cause low birth weight and may increase the chance of miscarriage. Pregnant women metabolize caffeine more slowly, which can affect the fetus.

Choice A reason: The need for supplemental folic acid is greatest during the first trimester to prevent neural tube defects. The recommended daily dose is 600 mcg.

Choice B reason: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of low birth weight infants, not high birth weight.

Choice C reason: Pregnant adolescents generally need to gain an appropriate amount of weight, similar to adult mothers, to support the growth and development of the fetus. The weight gain recommendations during pregnancy are based on the mother's pre-pregnancy BMI.

Choice A reason: You should avoid sexual contact until therapy is complete. This is to prevent the transmission of the infection to others, and to avoid reinfection or complications. The usual treatment for chlamydia is a single dose of an antibiotic, such as azithromycin or doxycycline. You should abstain from sexual activity for at least 7 days after taking the medication.

Choice B reason: Notify anyone with whom you have had sexual contact over the past 2 months. This is to inform them of their possible exposure to the infection, and to encourage them to get tested and treated if necessary. Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and neonatal complications. It can also increase the risk of acquiring or transmitting other STIs, such as HIV.

Choice C reason: You will need to take an antiviral medication for 30 days. This is not a correct information that the nurse should include in the teaching. Chlamydia is a bacterial infection, not a viral infection. Antiviral medications are not effective against chlamydia, and are not indicated for its treatment.

Choice D reason: Once you complete treatment, you will have an acquired immunity against chlamydia. This is not a correct information that the nurse should include in the teaching. Chlamydia does not confer immunity, and you can get infected again if you are exposed to the bacteria. You should get tested for chlamydia at least once a year, or more often if you have multiple or new sexual partners.

Choice E reason: You might experience painful urination until the infection has resolved. This is a correct information that the nurse should include in the teaching. Chlamydia can cause inflammation and irritation of the urethra, which can result in dysuria, or painful or difficult urination. Other symptoms of chlamydia may include abnormal vaginal or penile discharge, lower abdominal pain, bleeding between periods, or pain during sex. However, some people may not have any symptoms, and may not know they are infected. Therefore, it is important to get tested regularly and to use condoms to prevent the spread of the infection.