A public health nurse is caring for an employee who has been exposed to anthrax. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Choice A reason: Investigating potential health and environmental issues is a key function of community-oriented nursing, as it helps to identify and address the factors that affect the health of the population.

Choice B reason: Initiating support groups for parents of autistic children is not a specific task of community-oriented nursing, as it focuses on a particular subgroup rather than the whole population. This is more aligned with community-based nursing, which provides care to individuals and families in their natural settings.

Choice C reason: Providing wound care for clients in their homes is not a specific task of community-oriented nursing, as it focuses on individual needs rather than population needs. This is also more aligned with community-based nursing, which provides direct care to clients in their homes.

Choice D reason: Participating in local health surveillance activities is a key function of community-oriented nursing, as it helps to monitor and evaluate the health status and trends of the population.

Choice E reason: Providing health-related education to community groups is a key function of community-oriented nursing, as it helps to promote health and prevent disease among the population.

Choice A reason: Conducting counseling for at-risk parents is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to stop violence from recurring after it happens, by identifying and intervening with those who are at risk of being victims or perpetrators of violence. Counseling for at-risk parents may help them cope with stress, resolve conflicts, and improve their relationships, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.

Choice B reason: Assessing a family for marital discord is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to stop violence from recurring after it happens, by identifying and intervening with those who are at risk of being victims or perpetrators of violence. Assessing a family for marital discord may help the nurse detect signs of abuse, neglect, or violence, and refer the family to appropriate services, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.

Choice C reason: Teaching parenting techniques to new parents is a primary prevention strategy, as it aims to prevent violence from ever happening in the first place. Primary prevention works by addressing the underlying causes of violence, such as gender inequality, social norms, and power imbalances, and promoting positive attitudes and behaviors across the whole population. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents may help them develop skills, knowledge, and confidence to raise their children in a healthy, safe, and supportive environment, and prevent child abuse and neglect.

Choice D reason: Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a tertiary prevention strategy. Tertiary prevention aims to respond to the long-term impacts of violence, by providing care and support to those who have experienced or perpetrated violence, and reducing the consequences and recurrence of violence. Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder may help them recover from their addiction, improve their mental and physical health, and reduce their involvement in violence, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.