A school nurse is implementing health screening. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize as the highest priority?
A child who has a BMI of 18
An adolescent who has scoliosis
An adolescent who has psoriasis
A child who has nits
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A child who has a BMI of 18 is not the highest priority, as it is within the normal range for children. BMI, or body mass index, is a measure of weight relative to height. A BMI of 18 is considered healthy for children aged 2 to 20 years, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The nurse should monitor the child's growth and development and provide nutrition education as needed.
Choice B reason: An adolescent who has scoliosis is not the highest priority, as it is a common and usually mild condition. Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that affects about 3% of adolescents. Most cases of scoliosis are mild and do not require treatment, although some may need braces or surgery. The nurse should refer the adolescent to a specialist for further evaluation and management.
Choice C reason: An adolescent who has psoriasis is not the highest priority, as it is a chronic and non-contagious condition. Psoriasis is a skin disorder that causes red, scaly patches on the skin that may itch or burn. Psoriasis is not curable, but it can be controlled with medications, creams, or light therapy. The nurse should provide education and support to the adolescent and encourage them to seek medical care as needed.
Choice D reason: A child who has nits is the highest priority, as it indicates a parasitic infestation that can spread to others. Nits are the eggs of head lice, which are tiny insects that live on the scalp and feed on blood. Head lice can cause itching, irritation, and infection of the scalp. The nurse should isolate the child and notify the parents and the school staff. The nurse should also provide instructions on how to treat the infestation and prevent reinfestation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Conducting counseling for at-risk parents is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to stop violence from recurring after it happens, by identifying and intervening with those who are at risk of being victims or perpetrators of violence. Counseling for at-risk parents may help them cope with stress, resolve conflicts, and improve their relationships, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.
Choice B reason: Assessing a family for marital discord is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to stop violence from recurring after it happens, by identifying and intervening with those who are at risk of being victims or perpetrators of violence. Assessing a family for marital discord may help the nurse detect signs of abuse, neglect, or violence, and refer the family to appropriate services, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.
Choice C reason: Teaching parenting techniques to new parents is a primary prevention strategy, as it aims to prevent violence from ever happening in the first place. Primary prevention works by addressing the underlying causes of violence, such as gender inequality, social norms, and power imbalances, and promoting positive attitudes and behaviors across the whole population. Teaching parenting techniques to new parents may help them develop skills, knowledge, and confidence to raise their children in a healthy, safe, and supportive environment, and prevent child abuse and neglect.
Choice D reason: Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder is not a primary prevention strategy, as it is a tertiary prevention strategy. Tertiary prevention aims to respond to the long-term impacts of violence, by providing care and support to those who have experienced or perpetrated violence, and reducing the consequences and recurrence of violence. Providing treatment for a young adult who has a substance use disorder may help them recover from their addiction, improve their mental and physical health, and reduce their involvement in violence, but it does not prevent violence from happening in the first place.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Meeting with community members to discuss methods of playground maintenance is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is a secondary intervention that can help to prevent the recurrence of the problem, but it does not address the immediate issue of the garbage accumulation.
Choice B reason: Partnering with city officials and community members to improve the playground condition is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is a tertiary intervention that can help to restore the playground to its optimal state, but it does not address the immediate issue of the garbage accumulation.
Choice C reason: Working with local businesses to sponsor more trash receptacles in the playground is not the first action that the nurse should take. This is a secondary intervention that can help to prevent the recurrence of the problem, but it does not address the immediate issue of the garbage accumulation.
Choice D reason: Engaging neighborhood families to monitor the playground for further trash buildup is the first action that the nurse should take. This is a primary intervention that can help to eliminate the source of the problem, and to empower the community to take responsibility for their environment. The nurse can use strategies such as education, motivation, and social support to encourage the families to keep the playground clean and safe.
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