A client with the diagnosis of schizophrenia sitting all alone and talking quietly. Which action should the PN take?

Smokeless tobacco, such as chewing tobacco or snuff, still contains harmful substances, including nicotine and various chemicals. It is associated with several health risks, including an increased risk of oral, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers, as well as gum disease, tooth loss, and nicotine addiction.
Incorrect:

A. By providing this information, the nurse can help the client make an informed decision about their smoking cessation plan. It is crucial to emphasize that quitting tobacco altogether is the best approach to reduce the risk of cancer and improve overall health.
C. The nurse should not encourage the client to continue with the plan to switch to smokeless tobacco as a means of reducing the risk for cancer. Instead, the focus should be on supporting the client's efforts to quit tobacco entirely and providing appropriate resources and interventions to facilitate smoking cessation.
D. Addressing the concern about weight gain when quitting smoking is also important, but it should be done in the context of promoting healthy lifestyle changes and offering strategies to manage weight during the smoking cessation process.

- Child abuse is the intentional or neglectful physical, emotional, or sexual harm or injury of a child by a parent, caregiver, or other person who has a relationship of trust or responsibility with the child. Child abuse can have serious and long-lasting consequences for the child's health, development, and well-being.
- The practical nurse (PN) has a legal and ethical duty to identify, report, and prevent child abuse. The PN should be alert for any signs and symptoms of child abuse, such as unexplained or inconsistent injuries, bruises, burns, fractures, or scars; behavioral changes, such as fear, anxiety, aggression, withdrawal, or depression; poor hygiene, nutrition, or growth; lack of supervision, medical care, or education; or sexualized behaviors or knowledge .
- The PN should also conduct a thorough and sensitive assessment of the child and the family situation, using open-ended questions, active listening, and non-judgmental attitude. The PN should compare the history and physical findings of the child with the expected developmental milestones and normal variations for the child's age and stage. The PN should also document any relevant information in an objective and factual manner .
- When the mother of a school-aged boy tells the PN that he fell out of a tree and hurt his arm and shoulder, the PN should assess the child's injury and compare it with the mother's explanation. The most significant indicator of possible child abuse in this scenario is if the injury description by the mother varies from the child's version. This may suggest that the mother is lying or covering up the true cause of the injury, which may be intentional or accidental harm by herself or someone else. A discrepancy between the mother's and the child's stories may also indicate that the child is afraid or coerced to hide the truth about the abuse .

- Therefore, option D is the correct answer, while options A, B, and C are incorrect.