A client with symptoms of influenza that started the previous day asks the clinic nurse about taking oseltamivir to treat the infection.
Which response should the nurse provide?

Explain to the client that antibiotics are not useful in treating viral infections such as influenza.

Advise the client that once symptoms occur it is too late to receive an influenza vaccination.

Refer the client to the healthcare provider at the clinic to obtain a medication prescription.

Instruct the client that over-the-counter medications are sufficient to manage influenza symptoms.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

It is true that antibiotics are not effective against viruses like influenza. They only work against bacteria.

However, while providing this information to the client is accurate, it does not directly address the client's inquiry about taking oseltamivir, which is an antiviral medication.

It's essential for the nurse to guide the client toward the appropriate healthcare provider who can assess the client's condition and make an informed decision about whether oseltamivir is a suitable treatment option.

Choice B rationale:

While it is true that influenza vaccination is most effective when given before exposure to the virus, it is still a relevant consideration even after symptoms have begun.

Studies have shown that antiviral medications like oseltamivir can potentially reduce the severity and duration of influenza symptoms, even when started within 48 hours of symptom onset.

Therefore, simply advising the client that it's too late for vaccination without exploring other potential treatment options would be incomplete and potentially disadvantageous to the client's care.

Choice C rationale:

This is the most appropriate response because it ensures that the client receives a comprehensive assessment and individualized treatment plan from a qualified healthcare provider.

The provider can evaluate the client's symptoms, medical history, and potential risk factors to determine if oseltamivir is a suitable medication.

Additionally, the provider can discuss other potential treatment options, such as over-the-counter medications for symptom relief, and provide guidance on self-care measures to promote recovery.

Choice D rationale:

While over-the-counter medications can help manage some symptoms of influenza, such as fever, aches, and cough, they do not directly target the virus itself.

Antiviral medications like oseltamivir can potentially shorten the duration of the illness and reduce the risk of complications, especially in individuals at higher risk.

Therefore, relying solely on over-the-counter medications without considering antiviral therapy could potentially delay recovery and increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Measuring oxygen saturation is not directly relevant to the administration of vancomycin or the monitoring of its potential side effects. While oxygen saturation is important to assess in patients with respiratory concerns, it does not provide information about kidney function, which is essential for safe vancomycin use.

Choice B rationale:

Auscultating bowel sounds, while a part of general abdominal assessment, is not the most crucial action before administering vancomycin. Vancomycin is not known to have significant effects on bowel motility, and its primary concern is nephrotoxicity.

Choice C rationale:

Assessing body temperature can be helpful in evaluating for infection, but it is not the most specific or sensitive indicator of vancomycin-related adverse effects. Fever can be a sign of various conditions, and it does not directly assess kidney function.

Choice D rationale:

Checking serum creatinine is the most essential action before administering vancomycin because it allows for assessment of kidney function. Vancomycin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, and impaired renal function can lead to elevated drug levels and increased risk of nephrotoxicity. By checking serum creatinine, the nurse can ensure that the patient's kidney function is adequate to safely excrete vancomycin and can adjust the dosage or frequency of administration if necessary.

A. Instruct the client to avoid foods with gluten, such as wheat bread. B. Describe the use of an elimination diet to find trigger foods. C. Advise the client to limit foods that are high in calcium and iron. D. Explain that the need to restrict fluids is the primary limitation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While some individuals with Crohn's disease may find that avoiding gluten improves their symptoms, this is not a universal recommendation.

Gluten restriction is more often indicated for those with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity.

It's important to individualize dietary recommendations based on personal triggers and sensitivities.

Choice B rationale:

An elimination diet is a systematic approach to identifying foods that may trigger or worsen Crohn's disease symptoms.

It involves removing certain foods from the diet for a period of time, typically 2-4 weeks, and then gradually reintroducing them one at a time to observe any reactions.

This process can help individuals pinpoint specific foods that contribute to their symptoms and make informed dietary choices to manage their condition.

Choice C rationale:

There is no evidence to support a general restriction of calcium and iron in individuals with Crohn's disease.

In fact, these nutrients are essential for overall health and should be consumed in adequate amounts unless a specific deficiency or intolerance is identified.

Restriction of these nutrients could lead to nutritional deficiencies.

Choice D rationale:

Fluid restriction is not a primary dietary limitation for individuals with Crohn's disease.

Maintaining adequate hydration is crucial for overall health, especially during flares when fluid loss through diarrhea may be increased.

Restricting fluids could potentially lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

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A client with symptoms of influenza that started the previous day asks the clinic nurse about taking oseltamivir to treat the infection.
Which response should the nurse provide?