A client with symptoms of influenza that started the previous day asks the clinic nurse about taking oseltamivir to treat the infection.
Which response should the nurse provide?
Explain to the client that antibiotics are not useful in treating viral infections such as influenza.
Advise the client that once symptoms occur it is too late to receive an influenza vaccination.
Refer the client to the healthcare provider at the clinic to obtain a medication prescription.
Instruct the client that over-the-counter medications are sufficient to manage influenza symptoms.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
It is true that antibiotics are not effective against viruses like influenza. They only work against bacteria.
However, while providing this information to the client is accurate, it does not directly address the client's inquiry about taking oseltamivir, which is an antiviral medication.
It's essential for the nurse to guide the client toward the appropriate healthcare provider who can assess the client's condition and make an informed decision about whether oseltamivir is a suitable treatment option.
Choice B rationale:
While it is true that influenza vaccination is most effective when given before exposure to the virus, it is still a relevant consideration even after symptoms have begun.
Studies have shown that antiviral medications like oseltamivir can potentially reduce the severity and duration of influenza symptoms, even when started within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Therefore, simply advising the client that it's too late for vaccination without exploring other potential treatment options would be incomplete and potentially disadvantageous to the client's care.
Choice C rationale:
This is the most appropriate response because it ensures that the client receives a comprehensive assessment and individualized treatment plan from a qualified healthcare provider.
The provider can evaluate the client's symptoms, medical history, and potential risk factors to determine if oseltamivir is a suitable medication.
Additionally, the provider can discuss other potential treatment options, such as over-the-counter medications for symptom relief, and provide guidance on self-care measures to promote recovery.
Choice D rationale:
While over-the-counter medications can help manage some symptoms of influenza, such as fever, aches, and cough, they do not directly target the virus itself.
Antiviral medications like oseltamivir can potentially shorten the duration of the illness and reduce the risk of complications, especially in individuals at higher risk.
Therefore, relying solely on over-the-counter medications without considering antiviral therapy could potentially delay recovery and increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
While ABGs can provide valuable information about a patient's respiratory status, they are not routinely required prior to postural drainage in patients with COPD.
ABGs might be considered if the patient is experiencing acute respiratory distress or if there are concerns about their oxygenation or ventilation status.
However, in the absence of such concerns, obtaining ABGs would not be necessary and could potentially cause discomfort or anxiety for the patient.
Choice C rationale:
Performing postural drainage immediately after meals is not recommended for patients with COPD.
This is because eating can cause a feeling of fullness in the stomach, which can make it difficult for the patient to breathe deeply and effectively during the procedure.
Additionally, there is a risk of aspiration if the patient were to vomit during or after postural drainage.
It is generally recommended to perform postural drainage at least 1-2 hours after meals to reduce these risks.
Choice D rationale:
Instructing the patient to breathe shallow and fast is not appropriate for postural drainage.
The goal of postural drainage is to help the patient mobilize and expectorate secretions from the lungs.
This is best achieved by encouraging the patient to breathe deeply and slowly, which helps to open up the airways and promote mucus clearance.
Shallow, rapid breathing can actually make it more difficult to clear secretions and can lead to increased shortness of breath.
Choice B rationale:
Explaining that the patient may be placed in five positions is the most appropriate approach for postural drainage in a patient with COPD.
This is because different positions help to drain different areas of the lungs. The five positions typically used for postural drainage are:
Head down position (to drain the lower lobes)
Prone position (to drain the posterior segments of the lungs)
Right lateral position (to drain the right middle lobe and right lower lobe) Left lateral position (to drain the left lower lobe)
Sitting upright position (to drain the upper lobes)
By placing the patient in these different positions, the nurse can help to ensure that all areas of the lungs are drained effectively.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Radiation exposure to the eye is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. However, it is not a contraindication for ophthalmic ketorolac. In fact, ketorolac may be used to treat pain and inflammation associated with radiation exposure to the eye.
Ophthalmic ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are substances that cause inflammation and pain.
Radiation exposure can damage the cells of the eye, leading to inflammation and pain. Ketorolac can help to reduce these symptoms.
However, it is important to note that ketorolac does not address the underlying cause of radiation exposure, and further treatment may be necessary.
Choice B rationale:
Corneal abrasion is a scratch on the surface of the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye. It is a common eye injury that can be caused by a variety of factors, such as getting poked in the eye, rubbing the eye too hard, or wearing contact lenses for too long.
Ophthalmic ketorolac is contraindicated in patients with corneal abrasions because it can delay healing and increase the risk of infection.
This is because ketorolac inhibits the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in the healing process. Prostaglandins also play a role in fighting infection.
Therefore, using ketorolac in a patient with a corneal abrasion could potentially lead to a more serious infection.
Choice C rationale:
Chemical burn to the eye is a serious injury that requires immediate medical attention. Ophthalmic ketorolac is not typically used to treat chemical burns to the eye.
This is because ketorolac is not effective in reducing inflammation caused by chemical burns. In addition, ketorolac can potentially worsen the injury by delaying healing.
Choice D rationale:
Foreign body in the eye is a common eye injury that can be caused by a variety of objects, such as dust, sand, or metal shavings. Ophthalmic ketorolac is not typically used to treat foreign bodies in the eye.
This is because ketorolac will not help to remove the foreign body from the eye. In addition, ketorolac can potentially worsen the injury by delaying healing.
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