A client with a long history of cirrhosis has anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In the context of cirrhosis, these three conditions are most likely caused by:

Hypersplenism.

Peptic ulcer disease.

Cholecystitis.

Esophageal varices.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
Hypersplenism is a condition often associated with cirrhosis, where the spleen becomes overactive. This leads to the destruction of blood cells, causing anemia (low red blood cells), leukopenia (low white blood cells), and thrombocytopenia (low platelets)1.
Choice B rationale
Peptic ulcer disease primarily affects the stomach and duodenum, leading to ulcers and bleeding. It does not typically cause anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia in the context of cirrhosis.
Choice C rationale
Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, usually due to gallstones. It does not cause the blood cell abnormalities seen in cirrhosis.
Choice D rationale
Esophageal varices are swollen veins in the esophagus that develop due to portal hypertension in cirrhosis. While they can cause bleeding, they do not directly cause anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Increased shortness of breath is a key symptom of worsening congestive heart failure (CHF). It indicates that the heart is not effectively pumping blood, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and increased respiratory effort.
Choice B rationale
A temperature of 37°C (98.6°F) is within the normal range and does not indicate worsening CHF. Monitoring the patient’s temperature is important, but it is not a sign of CHF exacerbation.
Choice C rationale
A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg is within the normal range and does not indicate worsening CHF. Blood pressure should be monitored, but this reading does not suggest an acute issue.
Choice D rationale
Occasional dizziness can be a symptom of many conditions, including CHF, but it is not as specific or critical as increased shortness of breath. It should be monitored, but it does not indicate an immediate worsening of CHF.

A. Administering supplemental oxygen. B. Encouraging the client to use an incentive spirometer. C. Administering a bronchodilator as prescribed. D. Positioning the client in high Fowler’s position.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Administering supplemental oxygen is the priority intervention for a client with COPD who has an oxygen saturation of 88% on room air. This low oxygen saturation indicates hypoxemia, which requires immediate correction to prevent further respiratory distress.
Choice B rationale
Encouraging the client to use an incentive spirometer is important for lung expansion and preventing atelectasis, but it is not the priority intervention in this scenario. The immediate concern is to correct the hypoxemia.
Choice C rationale
Administering a bronchodilator as prescribed is important for managing COPD symptoms, but the priority intervention is to correct the hypoxemia by administering supplemental oxygen.
Choice D rationale
Positioning the client in high Fowler’s position can help improve breathing, but the priority intervention is to correct the hypoxemia by administering supplemental oxygen.

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A client with a long history of cirrhosis has anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In the context of cirrhosis, these three conditions are most likely caused by:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). Which of the following symptoms would indicate worsening of the condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with increased shortness of breath and a productive cough. The nurse notes the client’s oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings would indicate the need for immediate intervention?

A nurse is caring for a client with a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F) who presents with a stiff neck and photophobia. Which condition should the nurse suspect?

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is 2 days postoperative after an above-the-knee amputation of the right leg. The nurse plans to implement which measure to prevent hip contractures?

A patient presents to his healthcare provider with complaints of severe epigastric pain. His lab work reveals high amylase and lipase levels. His diagnosis is most likely which condition?

Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that pharmacologic treatment with antibiotics and antacids has been effective for the patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori?

A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with a severe headache and blurred vision. Which of the following findings would indicate a hypertensive crisis?

A nurse is caring for a client with a body temperature of 38°C (100.4°F). Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?

A client presents with a temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) and a stiff neck. Which condition should the nurse suspect?