A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Stress reduction.

Smoking cessation.

Regular exercise.

Low-fat diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Smoking is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, as it contributes to the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, increases blood pressure, reduces oxygen supply to tissues, and promotes the formation of blood clots.

A. Chronic stress can contribute to cardiovascular disease by raising blood pressure, increasing heart rate, and promoting inflammation.

C. Regular physical activity is crucial for cardiovascular health. It helps strengthen the heart muscle, lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol levels, control weight, and reduce stress.

D. A low-fat diet, particularly one that is high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, can help lower cholesterol levels, reduce blood pressure, and manage weight, all of which are important for heart health.

Although A, C, D play a role in preventing cardiovascular disease, smoking is the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Given the client's history of vomiting, diarrhea, and difficulty tolerating oral fluids, there's a likelihood of dehydration. Dehydration typically results in an increase in urine specific gravity due to the kidneys conserving water.

A. (1.015) and B (1.025) are within the reference range and would be more typical values for adequately hydrated individuals.

C. (1.005) is at the lower end of the reference range and would not be expected in a dehydrated individual.

A. Uses an oral airway to keep the teeth apart. B. Places the client in a supine position. C. Tests for a gag reflex before performing oral care. D. Suctions secretions from the posterior pharynx.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Using an oral airway can be appropriate in some situations to keep the mouth open and facilitate oral care, especially in an unconscious client. This helps prevent biting and allows for easier access to the oral cavity. Therefore, this action does not indicate a need for additional training.

B. Placing an unconscious client in a supine position for oral care can be inappropriate, as it increases the risk of aspiration, especially if there are secretions in the mouth. It is generally safer to position the client in a lateral position to minimize this risk. This action may indicate a need for additional training.

C. Testing for a gag reflex before performing oral care is a standard precaution, especially for unconscious clients. This helps prevent aspiration and ensures the safety of the client during the procedure.

D. Suctioning secretions from the posterior pharynx is an appropriate action to maintain airway patency and prevent aspiration, especially for unconscious clients who may have difficulty managing their secretions.

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A client with a family history of cardiac disease is seeking information to control risk factors. Which lifestyle modification is most important for the nurse to encourage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client who reports a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea and experiencing difficulty in tolerating oral fluids. Which urine specific gravity value would the nurse expect to see on initial testing? Reference Range: Urine Specific Gravity [1.005 to 1.03]

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse observes a practical nurse (PN) performing oral care on an unconscious client. Which action by the PN indicates to the nurse the need for additional training?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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