A client who is 12 weeks pregnant has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which instruction should the nurse provide related to insulin dosages?

Fluctuate from 24 weeks to approximately 36 weeks of gestation.

Increases from 18 weeks to approximately 36 weeks of gestation.

May double or quadruple during the second trimester.

Remain stable until delivery, then increase after delivery.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Insulin requirements generally increase as pregnancy progresses due to the growing placenta and hormones that cause insulin resistance, not fluctuate significantly.
B. Insulin requirements typically begin to increase around 18 weeks of gestation and continue to rise until approximately 36 weeks due to increased insulin resistance caused by placental hormones.
C. While insulin needs do increase, they do not typically double or quadruple during the second trimester. The increase is more gradual.
D. Insulin requirements increase during pregnancy and may decrease after delivery as the placenta is no longer present, removing the source of insulin resistance.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Examining feet daily is important for preventing foot complications, such as ulcers, in diabetics but is not directly related to preventing retinopathy and nephropathy.
B. Wearing compression stockings is not specifically recommended for preventing retinopathy or nephropathy in diabetes.
C. Maintaining stable blood glucose levels is crucial for preventing or slowing the progression of diabetic complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Good glycemic control minimizes the damage to blood vessels in the eyes and kidneys.
D. While regular eye exams are important for detecting retinopathy early, maintaining stable blood glucose levels is key to preventing the development of complications in the first place.

A. Pneumonia. B. Pneumothorax. C. Asthma. D. Bronchitis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Pneumonia typically presents with fever, productive cough, and lung consolidation, not just wheezing and low oxygen saturation.
B. Pneumothorax usually causes sudden sharp chest pain and decreased breath sounds on the affected side, rather than wheezing and prolonged expiration.
C. Asthma is characterized by wheezing, prolonged expiration, and low oxygen saturation due to bronchoconstriction and inflammation. The client's symptoms are consistent with an asthma exacerbation.
D. Bronchitis presents with a productive cough and sometimes wheezing but does not typically cause such severe hypoxemia or a pronounced increase in respiratory rate as seen here.

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A client who is 12 weeks pregnant has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which instruction should the nurse provide related to insulin dosages?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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