A client reports confusion and blurred vision after receiving a dose of glipizide. Which action should the nurse implement?

Choice A reason: Providing a heating pad to the client may provide some temporary relief, but it does not address the underlying cause of the neck discomfort, which is likely due to extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) of the antipsychotic medication.

Choice B reason: Obtaining a prescription for physical therapy services may be beneficial for the client's overall health and well-being, but it is not the best intervention for the acute problem of neck discomfort. Physical therapy may also require a referral and a waiting period, which would delay the relief for the client.

Choice C reason: Giving a PRN prescription for benztropine is the best intervention for the nurse to implement, as benztropine is an anticholinergic medication that can counteract the EPS of the antipsychotic medication. Benztropine can reduce the muscle stiffness and spasms that cause the neck discomfort.

Choice D reason: Obtaining an extra pillow for the client to use at night may help the client sleep better, but it does not address the neck discomfort during the day. It also does not treat the EPS of the antipsychotic medication, which may worsen over time.

Choice A reason: This is not the most important adverse effect for the nurse to report. Nausea is a common side effect of metoclopramide, which is a prokinetic and antiemetic drug that stimulates the motility of the upper GI tract and blocks the dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Nausea may be mild or moderate, and it may subside with time or dose adjustment. The nurse should monitor the client's nausea and provide supportive measures, such as fluids, crackers, or ginger, but it is not a priority.

Choice B reason: This is the most important adverse effect for the nurse to report. Involuntary movements, or extrapyramidal symptoms, are a serious and potentially irreversible side effect of metoclopramide, which can occur due to the blockade of the dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia. Involuntary movements can include dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, or tardive dyskinesia, and they can affect the face, neck, limbs, or trunk. The nurse should assess the client for any signs of involuntary movements and notify the healthcare provider immediately. The nurse should also prepare to administer an anticholinergic drug, such as benztropine, to counteract the effects of metoclopramide.

Choice C reason: This is not the most important adverse effect for the nurse to report. Unusual irritability is a rare and mild side effect of metoclopramide, which may be related to the central nervous system effects of the drug. Unusual irritability may manifest as restlessness, anxiety, or agitation, and it may resolve with time or dose adjustment. The nurse should monitor the client's mood and behavior and provide reassurance and comfort, but it is not a priority.

Choice D reason: This is not the most important adverse effect for the nurse to report. Diarrhea is a rare and mild side effect of metoclopramide, which may be related to the increased motility of the GI tract. Diarrhea may be transient or self-limiting, and it may be managed with fluids, electrolytes, or antidiarrheal drugs. The nurse should monitor the client's stool frequency and consistency and provide hydration and hygiene, but it is not a priority.