A client recently diagnosed with Parkinson's disease receives a new prescription for carbidopa-levodopa. To reduce the client's risk for injury, which instruction should the nurse provide?

Caution when changing from a sitting to a standing position.

Ambulate using a four point cane or a walker with wheels.

Place small rugs on smooth surfaces such as tile or wood floors.

Obtain a hospital bed with side rails and an over bed trapeze.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Caution when changing from a sitting to a standing position: Carbidopa-levodopa can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness and falls. Teaching the client to rise slowly and carefully helps prevent sudden drops in blood pressure and significantly reduces the risk of injury.

B. Ambulate using a four point cane or a walker with wheels: Assistive devices can help with mobility in Parkinson’s disease, but their use should be based on a physical therapist’s evaluation. Not every client will immediately require a walker or cane upon starting treatment.

C. Place small rugs on smooth surfaces such as tile or wood floors: Small rugs actually increase the risk of tripping and falling, especially for clients with Parkinson’s disease, who already have gait instability. It is safer to remove rugs rather than add them.

D. Obtain a hospital bed with side rails and an over bed trapeze: A hospital bed with side rails and an overbed trapeze might be necessary for clients with advanced Parkinson's disease who have significant mobility limitations or require assistance with repositioning in bed. However, for a newly diagnosed client, this level of equipment is likely unnecessary and could foster dependence.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"C"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Large, liquid stool: Lactulose is prescribed to treat constipation by drawing water into the bowel and promoting a bowel movement. A large, liquid stool indicates that the medication has effectively relieved the client's postoperative constipation.

Abdomen soft and flat: Before receiving lactulose, the client had a distended abdomen. A soft, flat abdomen afterward shows that bowel motility improved and gas or stool buildup has decreased, reflecting therapeutic action.

Blood pressure 120/68 mm Hg: Lactulose does not significantly affect blood pressure. A normal blood pressure reading is a positive finding but is unrelated to the expected outcomes or side effects of lactulose therapy.

Drowsiness: Drowsiness is not an intended or expected effect of lactulose. It may result from opioid use (morphine) rather than the lactulose itself, but since it impacts the client's alertness, it is considered a nontherapeutic side effect here.

Heart rate 62 beats/minute: Lactulose has no direct pharmacologic impact on heart rate. A heart rate of 62 beats per minute is within acceptable limits for many adults and is unrelated to the administration of lactulose.

Pain rating of 2 on a 0 to 10 scale: Pain control relates to the administration of morphine and other analgesics, not to lactulose. Therefore, a lower pain score reflects effective analgesia but is not linked to lactulose therapy.

Cramping: Cramping can occur with lactulose because it increases bowel motility and draws fluid into the intestines. Although mild cramping is expected, it is still classified as a nontherapeutic side effect because it can cause client discomfort.

A. Describe how anabolic steroids increase muscle strength to improve athletic performance. B. Advise of the need to observe for changes in behavior, such as increased aggression. C. Explain that this is a schedule II controlled substance. D. Encourage a clinic visit to assess the adolescent for cardiovascular complications. E. Identify the use of any other herbal supplements.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Describe how anabolic steroids increase muscle strength to improve athletic performance: While anabolic steroids do enhance muscle mass and strength, emphasizing this could inadvertently normalize or encourage their misuse rather than addressing the serious health risks involved.

B. Advise of the need to observe for changes in behavior, such as increased aggression: Anabolic steroids can cause mood disturbances, including aggression, irritability, and even psychiatric symptoms. Educating the parent to monitor for behavioral changes is critical for early intervention.

C. Explain that this is a schedule II controlled substance: Anabolic steroids are actually classified as Schedule III controlled substances under the Controlled Substances Act, not Schedule II. Providing inaccurate information could lead to confusion and mismanagement of the situation.

D. Encourage a clinic visit to assess the adolescent for cardiovascular complications: Steroid use can increase the risk of serious cardiovascular problems like hypertension, lipid abnormalities, and myocardial damage. Prompt medical evaluation is essential to detect early complications.

E. Identify the use of any other herbal supplements: Adolescents who misuse anabolic steroids may also be using other supplements or substances that could have dangerous interactions. A full assessment of all substances being used is important for comprehensive care and counseling.

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A client recently diagnosed with Parkinson's disease receives a new prescription for carbidopa-levodopa. To reduce the client's risk for injury, which instruction should the nurse provide?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Exhibits Mark whether the assessment finding represents a therapeutic result of the lactulose administered, a nontherapeutic side effect, or an unrelated finding. Each row must have one option selected.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"C"},"F":{"answers":"C"},"G":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

The mother of an adolescent male tells the clinic nurse that she found anabolic steroids in her son's room. How should the nurse respond? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A client diagnosed with myasthenia gravis receives a prescription for pyridostigmine. Which intervention should the nurse implement when preparing to administer this medication?

A client who is a vegetarian has a new prescription for warfarin. The client reports eating green leafy vegetables every day. How should the nurse respond?

A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take?

Patient Data Exhibits Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices area to specify which condition the client is most likely experiencing, two actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and two parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

To control asthma, a client in a residential treatment facility uses a fluticasone propionate and salmeterol discus inhalation system, which provides an inhaled powdered form of these combined medications. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?

The nurse administers risedronate to a client with osteoporosis at 0700. The client asks for a glass of milk to drink with the medication. Which action should the nurse take?