A client on a medical-surgical unit has been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome. The nurse understands that in addition to supportive care, which treatment can be used within the first 2 weeks of symptom onset?
Plasmapheresis
Riluzole
Anticholinesterase agents
Acyclovir
The Correct Answer is A
A. Plasmapheresis, also known as plasma exchange, is a treatment where blood plasma containing harmful antibodies is removed from the blood and replaced with donor plasma or albumin. This procedure is effective in reducing the severity and duration of symptoms in GBS by removing the antibodies that attack the peripheral nerves. Plasmapheresis is typically recommended within the first 2 weeks of symptom onset to maximize its benefits.
B. Riluzole is a medication that modulates glutamate neurotransmission and is primarily used in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). While some studies have explored its potential use in GBS, its efficacy in GBS treatment remains uncertain and it is not considered a standard treatment.
C. Anticholinesterase agents, such as pyridostigmine, are used in conditions characterized by neuromuscular junction dysfunction, such as myasthenia gravis. However, in GBS, where the primary pathology is the demyelination of peripheral nerves rather than neuromuscular junction dysfunction, anticholinesterase agents are not effective and can potentially worsen symptoms.
D. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication primarily used to treat infections caused by herpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It has no role in the treatment of GBS because GBS is not caused by viral infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Retropulsion is a classic manifestation of postural instability in Parkinson's disease. It refers to a tendency to lose balance and fall backward, especially when attempting to initiate walking or when challenged with external forces.
B. Impaired handwriting, also known as micrographia, is associated with bradykinesia (slowness of movement) in Parkinson's disease. It manifests as progressively smaller and more cramped handwriting.
C. Muscle soreness and pain can occur in Parkinson's disease, but they are not typically directly associated with postural instability. They may occur due to rigidity (muscle stiffness) or abnormal postures maintained over time.
D. Slow movements, or bradykinesia, are a hallmark feature of Parkinson's disease and are characterized by a gradual reduction in the speed and fluidity of voluntary movements. While related to motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, slow movements are not specific to postural instability.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This function is typically managed by medications such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, which help reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand. Rosuvastatin does not directly affect heart rate or myocardial oxygen demand.
B. Medications like aspirin or other antiplatelet agents are used to inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the risk of thrombus formation. Rosuvastatin is not primarily indicated for this purpose.
C. This is the correct rationale for prescribing rosuvastatin in a client with chronic stable angina. High LDL cholesterol levels contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which narrows coronary arteries and leads to angina. By lowering LDL cholesterol levels, rosuvastatin helps slow down the progression of atherosclerosis and reduces the risk of cardiovascular events, including angina.
D. Acute episodes of angina are typically managed with short-acting nitrates or other medications that dilate coronary arteries to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Rosuvastatin does not provide immediate relief of angina symptoms.
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