A client is using an incentive spirometer on the first postoperative day after an inguinal herniorrhaphy. The practical nurse (PN) should reteach the proper use of the spirometer when the client demonstrates which action.

Blowing forcefully into the mouthpiece.

Exhaling slowly after two seconds.

Using a tight seal around the mouthpiece.

Sitting upright during the treatment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The practical nurse (PN) should reteach the proper use of the spirometer when the client demonstrates blowing forcefully into the mouthpiece. The proper way to use an incentive spirometer is to sit upright, hold the spirometer upright, place your mouth around the mouthpiece, breathe out slowly, and then inhale slowly only through your mouth as deeply as you can. Blowing forcefully into the mouthpiece is not the correct way to use an incentive spirometer.

B. Exhaling slowly after two seconds: This is actually a correct action when using an incentive spirometer. The proper way to use an incentive spirometer is to exhale slowly before inhaling deeply.
C. Using a tight seal around the mouthpiece: This is also a correct action when using an incentive spirometer. It’s important to create a tight seal around the mouthpiece with your lips to ensure that you’re inhaling and exhaling only through your mouth.
D. Sitting upright during the treatment: This is another correct action when using an incentive spirometer. Sitting upright helps you to breathe more deeply and fully, which is the goal of using an incentive spirometer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is the correct answer because BUN and creatinine are the most important laboratory values to monitor for nephrotoxicity, which is the damage or injury to the kidneys caused by certain drugs or chemicals.
Nephrotoxicity can impair the kidneys' ability to filter waste products from the blood, resulting in elevated levels of BUN and creatinine. The normal range for BUN is 7 to 20 mg/dL, and for creatinine is 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL. The practical nurse (PN) should review these values before administering an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, such as aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, vancomycin, or sulfonamides. The PN should also monitor the client for signs and symptoms of nephrotoxicity, such as decreased urine output, edema, hypertension, fatigue, nausea, and confusion.

A. A 10-year-old child with bleeding lacerations on both knees after falling on the playground. B. A 5-year-old child who is crying uncontrollably because of an incontinent bowel episode. C. A 7-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and is experiencing extreme hunger and shakiness. D. A 12-year-old child with a history of asthma who is wheezing and complaining of shortness of breath.

Correct Answer is D,C,A,B

Explanation

A 12-year-old child with a history of asthma is wheezing and complaining of shortness of breath. Wheezing and shortness of breath indicate respiratory distress, which can be a medical emergency for a child with asthma. Prompt intervention and assessment of the child's respiratory status are crucial.
A 7-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus is experiencing extreme hunger and shakiness. These symptoms may indicate hypoglycemia, which requires immediate attention to prevent further complications. The PN should assess the child's blood glucose levels and provide appropriate treatment.
A 10-year-old child with bleeding lacerations on both knees after falling on the playground. While bleeding lacerations require attention, they are not immediately life-threatening or likely to cause severe complications. However, the PN should still address this child's injuries promptly and provide appropriate wound care.
A 5-year-old child is crying uncontrollably because of an incontinent bowel episode. While the child's distress is significant, it does not indicate an immediate life-threatening condition or urgent medical need. The PN should provide comfort, and reassurance, and assist with appropriate hygiene measures for the child.

Prioritizing care in this order ensures that the most urgent and potentially life-threatening conditions are addressed first, followed by those requiring immediate attention but with a lower risk of complications. Finally, the PN can attend to the client with a condition that, while distressing, is not immediately life-threatening or urgent.

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A client is using an incentive spirometer on the first postoperative day after an inguinal herniorrhaphy. The practical nurse (PN) should reteach the proper use of the spirometer when the client demonstrates which action.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Before administering an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, which laboratory value is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to review?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is D,C,A,B

Explanation

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