A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy.

Drink alcohol in small amounts only.

Report yellow eyes or skin immediately.

Increase intake of Swiss or aged cheeses.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy: This is not generally advised for isoniazid therapy. In fact, vitamin B6 supplements are often recommended to prevent peripheral neuropathy caused by isoniazid.

B. Drink alcohol in small amounts only: Alcohol can increase the risk of liver toxicity when taking isoniazid. It is typically advised to avoid alcohol altogether during treatment.

C. Report yellow eyes or skin immediately: Isoniazid can cause liver toxicity, which can lead to jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin). This is a serious side effect and should be reported immediately to prevent further liver damage.

D. Increase intake of Swiss or aged cheeses: This recommendation is not related to isoniazid therapy. Aged cheeses are more relevant to patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) due to tyramine content.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The excretion of calcium by the kidneys is related to electrolyte balance and bone health but does not directly contribute to hydrostatic pressure in the vasculature.
B. Osmotic pressure is the force exerted by solutes (such as plasma proteins) drawing water into the bloodstream, which opposes hydrostatic pressure. It does not directly contribute to hydrostatic pressure but rather counterbalances it.
C. Hydrostatic pressure is primarily generated by the force of the heart's contraction, which pushes blood through the arteries and capillaries. This pressure drives fluid out of the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, a crucial process in nutrient and waste exchange.
D. Pressure applied by plasma proteins contributes to oncotic (colloid osmotic) pressure, not hydrostatic pressure. Oncotic pressure pulls fluid into the capillaries, opposing the outward force of hydrostatic pressure.

A. Report new-onset muscle weakness B. Increase consumption of apples and broccoli C. Avoid salt substitutes D. Report falls, due to high risk of osteoporosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Report new-onset muscle weakness: Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, cramps, and fatigue, which are important symptoms that need to be monitored. Reporting these symptoms promptly is crucial because severe hypokalemia can lead to life-threatening complications, such as respiratory failure or cardiac arrhythmias.

B. Increase consumption of apples and broccoli: While fruits and vegetables like apples and broccoli are healthy, they are not particularly high in potassium. The client should be encouraged to consume potassium-rich foods such as bananas, oranges, potatoes, and spinach to help correct hypokalemia.

C. Avoid salt substitutes: Some salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, which can actually help increase potassium levels. However, this option might be recommended in certain conditions where potassium levels need to be carefully controlled, such as in renal failure, not in hypokalemia management.

D. Report falls, due to high risk of osteoporosis: Hypokalemia does not directly increase the risk of osteoporosis. Falls may occur due to muscle weakness, but this is not specifically related to osteoporosis. Therefore, reporting falls is not the primary concern in hypokalemia.

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A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid. The nurse should plan to provide which information to the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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