A client is scheduled for a renal function panel to evaluate hypertension-related kidney damage. Which lab values should the nurse expect to be included in this panel?

Liver enzymes (ALT and AST)

Creatinine and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) levels

Blood glucose and HbA1c levels

Prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) This option is incorrect. Liver enzymes (ALT and AST) are not relevant to assessing kidney function or hypertension-related kidney damage.

B) Correct answer. A renal function panel typically includes creatinine and BUN levels, as they are essential markers used to evaluate kidney function in the context of hypertension.

C) This option is incorrect. Blood glucose and HbA1c levels are related to diabetes assessment and management, not kidney function in hypertension.

D) This option is incorrect. Prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized

ratio (INR) are coagulation tests used to evaluate blood clotting, not kidney function or hypertension-related kidney damage.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This option is incorrect. Processed and canned foods often contain high levels of added sodium. Reducing sodium intake involves choosing fresh, whole foods and minimizing processed food consumption.

B) This option is incorrect. Including a variety of salty snacks would lead to an increase in sodium intake, which is not recommended for managing hypertension.

C) Correct answer. Using herbs and spices as alternatives to salt is an effective way to reduce sodium intake while adding flavor to meals. This dietary modification is beneficial for individuals with hypertension.

D) This option is incorrect. Salty cheeses and processed meats are high in sodium and should be limited in the diet of individuals with hypertension.

A. "Take your medication first thing in the morning on an empty stomach for optimal absorption." B. "It is best to take your medication with a large meal to minimize potential side effects." C. "Take your medication at the same time every day, regardless of meals, to maintain consistent blood levels." D. "Avoid taking your medication in the evening to prevent disturbances in your sleep pattern."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This option is incorrect. Taking antihypertensive medications on an empty stomach may lead to gastrointestinal irritation and is not the recommended approach.

B) This option is incorrect. While taking medication with a meal can help reduce potential stomach upset, it is not the primary consideration when timing antihypertensive medications.

C) Correct answer. It is essential to take antihypertensive medications at the same time every day to maintain consistent blood levels and ensure effectiveness. Consistency in medication administration is critical for controlling blood pressure.

D) This option is incorrect. Some antihypertensive medications, such as diuretics, may be best taken in the morning to avoid nighttime urination. However, the timing of medications should be discussed with the prescribing healthcare provider based on the specific medication regimen.

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