A client is reporting chills, fever, and left costovertebral pain. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe first?

A sonogram of the kidney

ACT scan of the kidneys

A midstream urine for culture

An intravenous pyelogram for renal calculi

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A sonogram may help identify kidney abnormalities but is not the initial test for suspected infection.
B. A CT scan may be needed for further evaluation but is typically not the first test ordered.
C. A midstream urine culture is often the initial diagnostic test for suspected urinary tract infections or pyelonephritis, based on symptoms of chills, fever, and flank pain.
D. An intravenous pyelogram is used to detect structural abnormalities, such as renal calculi, but is not the initial test for infection symptoms.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Checking urine for ketones is more relevant in DKA, not HHNS, as HHNS typically does not involve ketone production.
B. When blood glucose drops significantly, insulin infusion rates are usually decreased to prevent hypoglycemia and a rapid fall in glucose levels.
C. Increasing the insulin drip could cause hypoglycemia, as the client’s glucose is already decreasing.
D. A regular meal can be given when the client’s glucose levels are more stable and controlled, but meal timing should be coordinated with insulin adjustments.

A. A descending infection from the urethra B. An infection elsewhere in the body C. Urinary stasis in the bladder D. Congenital strictures in the urethra

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. UTIs typically start as an ascending infection from the urethra into the bladder, not descending.
B. UTIs, especially cystitis, are generally localized infections that do not stem from infections elsewhere in the body.
C. Urinary stasis (incomplete emptying of the bladder) can lead to bacterial growth, which is a common cause of cystitis.
D. While congenital strictures can predispose to infections by causing urinary stasis, they are not the primary cause in most cases of cystitis.

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A client is reporting chills, fever, and left costovertebral pain. Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe first?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia nonketonic syndrome (HHNS) was admitted yesterday with a blood glucose level of 700 mg/dL. The clients blood glucose level is now 250 mg/dL. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client asks the nurse, "how did I get this urinary tract infection?" the nurse should explain that in most instances, cystitis is caused by:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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