A client is admitted to the unit at 1500. The provider has prescribed a full liquid diet for the client. The client ingests the following from 1600 to 2115:

Chicken broth: 120 mL

Tea: 4 ounces

Ice cream: 1 cup

Soda: 6 ounce can

Water: 550 mL

Ice chips: 500 mL

The client voids the following:

At 1530: 400 mL

At 2015: 775 mL

At 2245: 200 mL

Calculate the cumulative fluid intake for the 3 p.m. to 11 p.m. shift. Note that intake and output is calculated at 2200 for the 3 p.m.-11 p.m. shift. (Round to the nearest whole number, use a preceding zero, do not use trailing zeros)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["1705"]

To calculate the cumulative fluid intake for the client from 3 p.m. to 11 p.m., convert all measurements to the same unit and then sum them up.

First, convert ounces to milliliters (1 ounce = 29.5735 ml). The tea is 4 ounces, which is approximately 118 ml, and the soda is 6 ounces, approximately 177 ml.

Add all the liquid intake: chicken broth (120 ml) + tea (118 ml) + ice cream (assumed to be 240 ml for 1 cup) + soda (177 ml) + water (550 ml) + half the volume of ice chips (as half the volume of ice chips is water, so 250 ml). The total intake is 120 + 118 + 240 + 177 + 550 + 500= 1705 ml.

Since the intake and output are calculated at 2200, and the client has not consumed anything after 2115, the cumulative fluid intake for the shift is 1705 ml.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Before administering a feeding through a gastrostomy tube, it is essential to verify that the tube is patent (open and unobstructed). Tube patency ensures that the feeding formula or medication can flow freely into the stomach or intestines without encountering any blockages or resistance. The nurse should flush the tube with water to check for patency and ensure proper functioning before initiating the feeding.

A. Vital signs are typically assessed for overall health monitoring and to detect any immediate changes in the client's condition. However, they are not specifically required before every feeding via gastrostomy tube unless there are specific concerns about the client's stability.

B. This option is not typically necessary before administering a feeding through a gastrostomy tube. In fact, elevating the head of the bed to at least 30 to 45 degrees is often recommended during and after feeding to minimize the risk of aspiration. This position helps to promote digestion and reduce the likelihood of reflux or regurgitation of the feeding.

D. Assisting the client to a prone (face-down) position is unnecessary and potentially unsafe before administering a feeding through a gastrostomy tube. The recommended position for feeding via gastrostomy tube is typically semi-Fowler's position (elevated head of the bed), which helps prevent aspiration and facilitates digestion.

A. Exercises to strengthen flexor muscles B. Frequent position changes to reverse the contractures C. Range-of-motion exercises to prevent worsening of contractures D. Weight-bearing activities to stimulate joint relaxation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises are essential in preventing contractures. These exercises aim to maintain or improve joint mobility by moving each joint through its full range of movement. They help stretch tight muscles and maintain flexibility, thereby preventing the progression of contractures.

A. While muscle strengthening exercises are beneficial for overall muscle health, in the context of contractures, the primary issue is the shortened and tight muscles. Strengthening exercises alone may not effectively address the contractures and could potentially exacerbate them.

B. Frequent repositioning is crucial to prevent and potentially reverse contractures. By changing the client's position regularly, pressure and stress on specific muscle groups are relieved, which can help prevent further tightening and promote flexibility. This intervention helps maintain joint mobility and prevents contractures from worsening.

D. Weight-bearing activities can be beneficial for joint health and bone density but may not directly address contractures. Contractures involve structural changes in the muscle-tendon unit rather than joint stiffness alone.

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