A client has been administered lactulose for several days. Which therapeutic response should the nurse expect for a client with hepatic encephalopathy?

Ability to ambulate independently.

Improved mental status.

Reduction in number of liquid stools.

Increase in urine output.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Lactulose works by reducing serum ammonia levels through the promotion of ammonia excretion in the feces, leading to improved cognitive function and mental status in individuals with hepatic encephalopathy.

A. Ability to ambulate independently is not a direct therapeutic response to lactulose administration for hepatic encephalopathy.

C. Lactulose is a laxative and often causes an increase in the number of stools, but the consistency of stools may become softer rather than completely liquid.

D. Increase in urine output is not a direct therapeutic response to lactulose administration for hepatic encephalopathy.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Vancomycin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, and monitoring serum creatinine levels helps assess renal function. Impaired renal function can affect vancomycin clearance and increase the risk of toxicity.

A. Measuring oxygen saturation is not directly related to the administration of vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

B. Assessing body temperature may not be the most pertinent action before administering vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

C. Auscultating bowel sounds is also not directly related to the administration of vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

A. Palpate the lymph nodes. B. Observe the client's fingers. C. Palpate large joints for nodules. D. Observe the skin for lesions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B Early signs of rheumatoid arthritis often manifest in the small joints of the hands and fingers. Common findings may include swelling, redness, warmth, and stiffness in these joints. Therefore, observing the client's fingers for any signs of inflammation or deformity can provide valuable clues for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis.

A Swollen lymph node may occur in certain types of arthritis, such as reactive arthritis but they are not typically a hallmark sign of rheumatoid arthritis.

C Rheumatoid nodules can develop in later stages of rheumatoid arthritis, but they are not typically present in the early stages of the disease.

D Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems, including the skin but characteristic skin lesions are not typically associated with the early stages of the condition.

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A client has been administered lactulose for several days. Which therapeutic response should the nurse expect for a client with hepatic encephalopathy?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client with Clostridium difficile in the stool receives a prescription for vancomycin PO. Which action should the nurse take before administering the first dose?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Patient Data Exhibits Which technique should the nurse use when assessing the client for early signs of rheumatoid arthritis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

To assess the quality of an adult client's pain, which approach should the nurse use?

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