A client is being cared for in the emergency department with acute abdominal pain and a provisional diagnosis of pancreatitis. The nurse assesses the client and obtains the results from laboratory studies. Which information is most valuable in reporting the client's status to the healthcare provider?

Presence of bowel sounds and degree of abdominal pain.

Severity of nausea and vomiting and serum amylase results.

Reports of chronic constipation and serum gastrin levels.

Serum Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibody results and urine output amounts.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. Pancreatitis is often associated with elevated serum amylase levels due to pancreatic inflammation. Therefore, this combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory findings is valuable in assessing the severity and confirming the diagnosis of pancreatitis.

A. While these are important clinical findings, they are not specific to pancreatitis and may not provide definitive information about the severity or cause of the condition.

C. Chronic constipation and serum gastrin levels are not typically associated with pancreatitis.

D. Serum Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibody results and urine output amounts are not directly related to pancreatitis. H. pylori infection is associated with peptic ulcers and gastritis but not typically with pancreatitis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Sputum culture is the gold standard diagnostic test for confirming the diagnosis of tuberculosis. It involves culturing the bacteria from sputum samples to identify the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative organism of TB.

A. The Hemoccult test is used to detect occult (hidden) blood in stool samples, not sputum.

B. Chest x-ray or CT imaging is commonly used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, imaging findings alone are not sufficient to confirm the diagnosis of TB.

C. The PPD skin test is a screening test for tuberculosis infection. A positive PPD test indicates exposure to TB bacteria but does not distinguish between latent TB infection and active TB disease.

A. Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells. B. Increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM. C. Deficiency of cytotoxic T-cells. D. Proliferation of suppressor T-cells.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. As HIV replicates within helper T-cells, it damages and destroys them, leading to a progressive decline in the number of CD4 cells in the body. This loss of helper T-cells weakens the immune system's ability to mount an effective response against infections

B. HIV infection does not typically lead to an increase in B-lymphocytes (B cells) or IgM antibodies.

C. While HIV infection can eventually lead to a deficiency in cytotoxic T-cells (CD8-positive T cells), particularly in advanced stages of the disease, the primary target of HIV is helper T-cells (CD4-positive T cells).

D. HIV infection does not result in the proliferation of suppressor T-cells (regulatory T cells).

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of AIDS. The nurse should explain that HIV acts in which way to suppress the immune system?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The healthcare provider prescribes bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, tetracycline, and pantoprazole for a client with a Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Prior to administering the H. pylori treatment regimen, the nurse should review the electronic medical record for which medication?

A client receives a prescription for vancomycin 500 mg IV every 8 hours. The medication is provided in "500 mg per 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water." To administer the medication over an hour, the nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Enter numerical value only.)

A client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease asks the nurse about dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond?

A client with chronic cirrhosis has esophageal varices. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the client for the onset of which problem?

The nurse notes that a client has been receiving hydromorphone every six hours for four days. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?

A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is given a new prescription for tiotropium via an inhalation device. Which statement indicates that the client understands the instructions for using this medication?