Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for an adult client with hypernatremia?

Use salt tablets after strenuous exercise.

Monitor daily urine output volume.

Drink plenty of water whenever thirsty.

Review food labels for sodium content.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. The correct instruction to include in a discharge teaching plan for an adult client with hypernatremia is to review food labels for sodium content. Hypernatremia is a condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood, and it is often due to fluid loss rather than excessive sodium intake.

A. Hypernatremia is characterized by elevated levels of sodium in the blood, and reducing sodium intake is typically part of the treatment plan. Instructing the client to use salt tablets would exacerbate the hypernatremia and could lead to further complications.

B. This instruction is not directly related to managing hypernatremia. While monitoring urine output is important for assessing hydration status and kidney function, it may not specifically address the underlying cause of hypernatremia.

C. Hypernatremia is often caused by dehydration or inadequate water intake, leading to elevated sodium levels in the blood. Therefore, hydrating is an important instruction but not the most important.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D A stool softener can help prevent straining during bowel movements, which could increase intraocular pressure and potentially harm the surgical site. Additionally, the nurse should advise the client to avoid activities that could increase pressure in the eye, such as bending at the waist, lifting heavy objects, or engaging in strenuous activities for a certain period post-surgery.

A Monitoring for changes in pupillary sizes is not specific to this type of surgery.

B Turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hours: This instruction is more relevant for clients who have undergone surgery or are at risk of developing respiratory complications, such as pneumonia. It is not specifically related to cataract extraction with a lens implant.

C Clients are usually advised to sleep with the head elevated or to avoid lying on the operative side to minimize the risk of intraocular pressure changes and discomfort.

A. Until the excess pressure is reduced. B. Until a smaller angle can be restored. B. For long-term control of normal eye pressure. C. For long-term control of pain and swelling. D. For long-term control of pain and swelling.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

C. In open-angle glaucoma, the goal of treatment is to achieve and maintain normal intraocular pressure (IOP) to prevent further damage to the optic nerve and preserve vision. Eye drops are typically prescribed as a long-term therapy to control IOP and prevent progression of the disease.

A. While reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) is indeed a primary goal of glaucoma treatment, the use of eye drops for glaucoma is typically long-term to maintain normal eye pressure, not just until the excess pressure is reduced.

B. Eye drops are prescribed for long-term use to maintain normal IOP and prevent further damage to the optic nerve.

C. Open-angle glaucoma is typically painless, and swelling is not a common symptom.

D. Glaucoma is not primarily associated with pain and swelling; rather, it is characterized by increased intraocular pressure and damage to the optic nerve, which can lead to vision loss if left untreated.

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Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for an adult client with hypernatremia?

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