A client asks a nurse why tuberculosis (TB) can remain latent in the body for many years without causing symptoms. What is the nurse's best explanation?
"TB bacteria are dormant and do not replicate in the body during latent infection."
"The immune system immediately eliminates TB bacteria during the latent phase."
"Latent TB infection occurs in the lungs, where it does not cause symptoms."
"TB bacteria actively multiply in the body but at a very slow rate during latency."
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct. During latent TB infection, TB bacteria are in a dormant state and do not actively replicate or cause symptoms. They can become active and multiply if the immune system weakens.
B) Incorrect. While the immune system can control TB bacteria during latency, it does not immediately eliminate them.
C) Incorrect. Latent TB infection can occur in various parts of the body, not just the lungs, and it typically does not cause symptoms.
D) Incorrect. TB bacteria in latent infection are in a dormant state and do not actively multiply, although they remain viable.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Isolating from family members and avoiding close contact is not typically necessary for clients with active TB who are on appropriate treatment.
B) Incorrect. While medication adherence is crucial, isolation is not a requirement for clients with active TB on treatment.
C) Correct. Clients with active TB who are on appropriate treatment and have had a reduction in infectiousness can generally return to their normal activities and interactions without isolation.
D) Incorrect. Isolation is not typically needed during TB treatment, as clients can resume their normal activities once their infectiousness has decreased.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Avoiding close contact alone may not be sufficient, as TB is primarily transmitted through the inhalation of respiratory droplets.
B) Incorrect. While wearing a surgical mask may offer some protection, it is not foolproof, especially in high-burden areas.
C) Incorrect. The BCG vaccine provides some protection against severe forms of TB in children but is not considered highly effective for preventing TB in adults.
D) Correct. Following good respiratory hygiene and avoiding crowded, poorly ventilated areas are essential measures to reduce the risk of TB transmission in high-burden areas.
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